Miriam is visiting five friends in her neighborhood, Louise, Mike, Nicole, Oscar, and Pascal. In each arrangement, the first initial of each person’s name represents that person’s position as he or she is visited by Miriam. Which shows all the outcomes for this event if she visits with Nicole first and Louise last?

Nicole must be first, so every arrangement begins with N, and Louise must be last, so every arrangement ends with L. The three people in the middle—Mike, Oscar, and Pascal—can be arranged in 3 × 2 × 1 = 6 ways. Choice A lists all six arrangements, so it includes every possible outcome.

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