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Question 3 • CMS 2026-2027 Biology CREDIT RECOVERY

Which graph represents selection that may lead to reduced variation in a population?

Answer

Image with description A graph showing a single bell-shaped curve for the original population. The population after selection is a similar curve shifted to the right. Axes are labeled “Proportion of individuals” and “Trait Value.”

Image with description A graph showing the original population as a single bell-shaped curve centered in the middle. The population after selection has two peaks at lower and higher trait values, with fewer individuals in the middle. Axes are labeled “Proportion of individuals” and “Trait Value.”

Image with description A graph showing the original population as a wide bell-shaped curve. The population after selection is narrower and taller at the same center. Axes are labeled “Proportion of individuals” and “Trait Value.”

Image with description A graph showing the original population as a wide bell-shaped curve. The population after selection is also centered in the same place, but is wider and lower. Axes are labeled “Proportion of individuals” and “Trait Value.”

Explanation

Reduced variation means individuals’ trait values become more similar, so the population’s distribution becomes narrower. In choice B, the population after selection forms a narrower, taller curve centered at the same trait value, showing less variation. Choice A increases variation by favoring both extremes, while D shifts the average trait value rather than reducing variation.

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