Pretest

Question 1

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution as written in his book On the Origin of Species determined that

Revolt · Accepted Answer

living things evolve and change through natural selection, and the strongest traits survive over time.

Question 2

William Graham Sumner was a social Darwinist who believed that

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Government should leave business to its own devices.

Question 3

The idea that it is the duty of the wealthy to help society was promoted by

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Andrew Carnegie.

Question 4

Which statement shows how Darwin’s theory of evolution was used by social Darwinists to explain the differences between the classes?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Natural selection includes the concept of the inheritance of wealth.

Question 5

One reason people tolerated poverty during the Gilded Age was because they

Revolt · Accepted Answer

believed less fortunate people were sinners and deserved their station in life.

Question 6

Washington Gladden, a leader in the social gospel movement, supported

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increased government regulation of big businesses.

Question 7

What did Carnegie do to ensure that his money would be used to help society?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

He built libraries that everyone could use.

Question 8

Herbert Spencer used the concept of social Darwinism to defend

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the rise of poverty and the mortality rates of less fortunate people.

Question 9

How did Andrew Carnegie spend his great fortune after he sold his business?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Carnegie donated his money to build institutions that would better society.

Question 10

Which idea is an aspect of Carnegie’s “Gospel of Wealth” that is based on social Darwinism?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

The wealthy are best suited to help the less fortunate.

Pretest Answers