Reaction Rate Answers
Reactant A can participate in both of these reactions:1) A + B [image 1] C + D [image 2] Grxn = –15.6 kJ2) A + E [image 3] F + G [image 4] Grxn = –20.5 kJReaction 1 has a much higher rate than Reaction 2 under the same reaction conditions. Explain this observation in terms of activation energy.
Reaction 1 has a lower activation energy than Reaction 2. Therefore, under the same conditions, more reactant particles can overcome the energy barrier per unit time, making Reaction 1 faster. The Gibbs free-energy changes do not determine the reaction rates.
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Acid rain is a dilute solution of acids that dissolve the calcium carbonate in limestone statues. Concentrated acids can dissolve a large piece of limestone in a few days. Statue breakdown due to acid rain can take decades, but statues with intricate carvings break down more quickly. Explain these observations in terms of reaction rates.
The reaction rate determines how quickly the limestone statue dissolves. Acid rain is a dilute solution, and a lower concentration of reactants results in a slower reaction rate, which is why it takes decades to break down. Conversely, concentrated acids react much faster. Additionally, statues with intricate carvings have a greater surface area exposed to the acid. An increased surface area allows for more collisions between the acid and the calcium carbonate, which increases the reaction rate and causes these statues to break down more quickly.
The synthesis of water proceeds according to this equation:2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)How can the rate of this reaction be increased?by increasing the temperature of the reactantsby increasing the temperature of the productsby decreasing the temperature of the reactantsby decreasing the temperature of the products
Which of these ideas did you include in your answer? Check all that apply.The time taken for the statue to break down depends on the reaction rate.The low concentration of acids in acid rain reduces the reaction rate and increases the time required to break down the statue.Intricate carvings increase the surface area of the statue and therefore increase the rate of the statue’s breakdown.
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