Question 4 • OK-World Geography (full-year) B CAROTHERS
Established during the Middle Ages, guilds were associations of skilled artisans designed to institute quality standards, establish training programs, and set prices in industries such as glassblowing or masonry. What most likely happened to the guild system following industrialization?
Answer
A
Guilds likely incorporated new skilled artisans with industrialization-era skills.
B
Guilds likely became more powerful as fewer people learned trade secrets for these industries.
C
Guilds likely became less powerful as artisans were replaced by machinery.
D
Guilds likely expanded to include factory workers, laborers, and unskilled workers.
Explanation
Industrialization introduced machinery and factory production, reducing the need for many individual skilled artisans and their traditional methods of work. As artisans were replaced by machines, guilds lost influence over training, quality, and prices. Therefore, the best answer is C: guilds likely became less powerful as artisans were replaced by machinery.
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