AnswersIC Environmental Science - DeeringTopic Test

Soil Formation Answers

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Soil reaction is _______.

A
the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of soil
B
the highest amount of cations soil can absorb
C
determined by the types of minerals in the soil
D
the layering of soil into horizons
2
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Which of the following is an effect of organic matter on soil?

A
improved soil structure
B
decreased water retention
C
increased nutrient loss
D
all of the above
3

How do microorganisms affect humus and thereby soil health?

A
The presence of any microorganisms causes the destruction of humus, which leads to a reduction in soil health.
B
Microorganisms increase the production of humus, which leads to a decrease in soil health.
C
Microorganisms increase the production of humus, which leads to an increase in soil health.
D
Microorganisms exist independently of humus and therefore do not affect soil health.
4

Humus creates good soil tilth, which is an indirect benefit of microorganism action.

A
T
B
F
5

Soil texture is determined by the amount and distribution of mineral particles.

A
T
B
F
6

Which of the following soil properties is not influenced by microorganism activity?

A
soil acidity
B
amount of organic matter
C
nutrient levels
D
none of the above
7

Which of the following is not a way that humus affects the properties of soil?

A
Humus expands with increased moisture levels.
B
Humus increases the movement of water and air in soil.
C
Humus decreases the porosity of soil.
D
Humus acts as the basis for soil life.
8

Which of the following does not contribute to soil consistence?

A
texture
B
temperature
C
organic matter
D
mineral types
9

Microorganisms can improve soil health, but do not play a crucial role in it.

A
T
B
F
10

Microorganisms play an important role in creating nutrient-rich soil.

A
T
B
F
11

How do minerals affect soil productivity?

A
Minerals increase soil productivity by increasing the rate of water absorption.
B
Minerals in the soil can eventually be used for plant growth and production.
C
Minerals in the soil decrease the rate of plant growth and therefore productivity of the soil.
D
Minerals have no measurable effect on soil productivity.
12

How does the release of carbon dioxide by microorganisms benefit plant life?

A
It reduces the acidity of water in soil, which increases water absorption and provides plants with necessary water.
B
It increases the acidity of water in soil leading to the breakdown of rocks in soil. This releases nutrients which can be used by plants.
C
It decreases the acidity of water in soil leading to the breakdown of rocks in soil. This releases nutrients which an be used by plants.
D
It increases the acidity of water in soil, which decreases water absorption providing plant life with firmer soil for root growth.
13

Healthy soil depends on _______.

A
the size of rock particles
B
oxygen content
C
moisture content
D
all of the above
14

Soil color is classified by _______.

A
using a microscope
B
taking core samples
C
determining the proportion of minerals
D
using a color reference chart
15

Which of the following properties of soil is most dependent on soil moisture?

A
horizonation
B
consistency
C
cation-exchange capacity
D
soil reaction
16

How does soil structure affect the characteristics of soil?

A
It determines the acidity of soil.
B
It determines the available nutrients of soil.
C
It determines the pore space within soil horizons.
D
It determines the amount of minerals present in soil.
17

Decomposition of plant and animal matter present in soil is largely due to soil microorganisms.

A
T
B
F

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