AnswersFall 24 GSE Physical Science B ICTemperature and Thermal Energy

Temperature and Thermal Energy Answers

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1
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Juan measured the temperature of salt water. He then added 273 temperature units to the measured temperature value. Which temperature conversion is Juan most likely doing?

A
degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit
B
degrees Celsius to kelvins
C
kelvins to degrees Celsius
D
degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius
2
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What happens when the thermal energy of a substance increases?

A
The motion of the particles in the substance increases, and the temperature of the substance decreases.
B
The motion of the particles in the substance decreases, and the temperature of the substance increases.
C
Both the motion of the particles in the substance and the temperature of the substance decrease.
D
Both the motion of the particles in the substance and the temperature of the substance increase.
3

A thermometer is placed in water in order to measure the water’s temperature. What would cause the liquid in the thermometer to rise?

A
The molecules in the water move closer together.
B
The molecules in the thermometer’s liquid spread apart.
C
The kinetic energy of the water molecules decreases.
D
The kinetic energy of the thermometer’s liquid molecules decreases.
4

Which shows the potential energy of particles in three substances, from least to greatest?

A
liquid, solid, gas
B
liquid, gas, solid
C
solid, liquid, gas
D
gas, liquid, solid
5

Hot coffee in a mug cools over time and the mug warms up. Which describes the energy in this system?

A
The average kinetic energy of the particles in the mug decreases.
B
The average kinetic energy of the particles in the coffee increases.
C
Thermal energy from the mug is transferred to the coffee.
D
Thermal energy from the coffee is transferred to the mug.
6

Which best describes thermal energy?

A
It is the difference between internal energies of two or more substances.
B
It is the sum of internal energies of two or more substances.
C
It is the portion of internal energy that can be transferred from one substance to another.
D
It is the portion of potential energy that can be transferred from one substance to another.
7

Sayid recorded the temperatures of four substances in a chart.

Question illustration
A
The particles in substance W have a greater average kinetic energy than the particles in substance Z.
B
The particles in substance X have a greater average kinetic energy than the particles in substance Z.
C
The particles in substance W have a lower average kinetic energy than the particles in substance X.
D
The particles in substance Z have a lower average kinetic energy than the particles in substance Y.
8

Barbara is converting 78°F to degrees Celsius. First, she subtracts 32 from 78. What is the next step?

A
multiply 46 by 5/9
B
multiply 46 by 9/5
C
add 273 to 46
D
subtract 273 from 46
9

Which type of energy refers to the sum of potential and kinetic energies in the particles of a substance?

A
motion
B
stored
C
internal
D
heat
10

What is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, of a substance with a temperature of 49K?

A
–322°C
B
–224°C
C
224°C
D
322°C
11

Which is equal to a temperature of 50°F?

A
18°C
B
46°C
C
10°C
D
32°C
12

A thermometer is placed in water in order to measure the water’s temperature. What would cause the liquid in the thermometer to drop?

A
The molecules in the water spread apart.
B
The molecules in the thermometer’s liquid spread apart.
C
The kinetic energy of the water molecules decreases.
D
The kinetic energy of the thermometer’s liquid molecules increases.
13

Barbara is converting 78°F to degrees Celsius. First, she subtracts 32 from 78. What is the next step?

A
multiply 46 by 5/9
B
multiply 46 by 9/5
C
add 273 to 46
D
subtract 273 from 46
14

The diagram shows a thermometer used to measure temperature.

Question illustration
A
scale
B
bulb
C
mercury strip
D
number line
15

What happens when heat is removed from water?

A
The water particles move farther apart.
B
The water changes from a liquid to a gas.
C
The temperature of the water increases.
D
The kinetic energy of the water particles decreases.
16

The diagram shows the scales used for recording temperatures. The labels for the scales are missing.

Question illustration
A
W: FahrenheitX: CelsiusY: Kelvin
B
W: KelvinX: CelsiusY: Fahrenheit
C
W: CelsiusX:FahrenheitY: Kelvin
D
W:CelsiusX: KelvinY: Fahrenheit
17

The diagrams show the movement of particles for two substances.Which best compares the temperatures of the substances?

Question illustration
A
Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.
B
Substance X has the highest temperature because it has fewer particles.
C
Substance Y has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.
D
Substance Y has the highest temperature because it has more particles.

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