Answers26-27 IC English 3 3015BResearch Workshop: Writing and Presenting the Argumentative Essay, Part 1

Research Workshop: Writing and Presenting the Argumentative Essay, Part 1 — Test Answers

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Miguel is researching the effects of pollution on the Pacific Ocean, and he has found several potential sources. Which is a scholarly source?

A
a surfer’s blog that contains daily observations
B
a message board that contains people’s questions about sea life
C
an interactive website about deep-sea fishing
D
an academic journal about the marine environment
2
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Read the excerpt from Fast Food Nation. Up and down Academy Boulevard, along South Nevada, Circle Drive, and Woodman Road, teenagers like Elisa run the fast food restaurants of Colorado Springs. Fast food kitchens often seem like a scene from Bugsy Malone, a film in which all the actors are children pretending to be adults. No other industry in the United States has a workforce so dominated by adolescents.How does Schlosser effectively build his argument in this excerpt?

A
He uses anecdotal evidence to share a personal experience of eating fast food.
B
He uses analogical evidence to help the reader visualize his point about the workers.
C
He uses testimonial evidence to explain the health risks of eating fast food.
D
He uses statistical evidence to prove that adults make better employees than teens.
3

Read the sentence from an argumentative essay about chemical waste. The chemical waste produced by factories is out of hand, and factory owners should get in trouble.Which revision offers the most improvement in word choice?

A
The chemical waste produced by factories is insane, and factory owners should be punished.
B
The chemical waste produced by factories is dangerous, and factory owners should be held accountable.
C
The chemical waste produced by factories is huge, and factory owners should get it under control.
D
The chemical waste produced by factories is manageable, and factory owners deserve blame.
4

Read the following excerpt from Levitt and Dubner’s Freakonomics. The bagel data also reflect how much personal mood seems to affect honesty. Weather, for instance, is a major factor. Unseasonably pleasant weather inspires people to pay at a higher rate. Unseasonably cold weather, meanwhile, makes people cheat prolifically; so do heavy rain and wind. Worst are the holidays. The week of Christmas produces a 2 percent drop in payment rates—again, a 15 percent increase in theft, an effect on the same magnitude, in reverse, as that of 9/11. Thanksgiving is nearly as bad; the week of Valentine’s Day is also lousy, as is the week straddling April 15. There are, however, a few good holidays: the weeks that include the Fourth of July, Labor Day, and Columbus Day. The difference in the two sets of holidays? The low-cheating holidays represent little more than an extra day off from work. The high-cheating holidays are fraught with miscellaneous anxieties and the high expectations of loved ones.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of this paragraph?

A
Different emotional states affect people’s honesty.
B
Some holidays cause people to be less honest.
C
Cold weather causes an increase in dishonesty.
D
Holidays and cold weather may cause anxiety.
5

Scholarly sources, such as textbooks and government documents, are generally considered

A
primary.
B
secondary.
C
reliable.
D
print.
6

Having a counterclaim in an argumentative essay allows the author of the essay to

A
provide background information on the topic.
B
support his or her claim with evidence.
C
state his or her opinion on the topic.
D
address any opposition to his or her claim.
7

Look at this MLA citation for a print source.Westbrook, Eva. Health and Exercise 102 (2012): 56-60. Print.What is missing from this citation?

A
the date the source was published
B
the title of the article
C
the title of the journal
D
the date the source was accessed
8

Read the excerpt from Fast Food Nation. English is now the second language of at least one-sixth of the nation’s restaurant workers, and about one-third of that group speaks no English at all. The proportion of fast food workers who cannot speak English is even higher.Which type of evidence does the author use in this excerpt?

A
anecdotal
B
statistical
C
testimonial
D
analogical
9

Read the following excerpt from Levitt and Dubner’s Freakonomics.In the real world, Feldman learned to settle for less than 95 percent. He came to consider a company “honest” if its payment rate was above 90 percent. He considered a rate between 80 and 90 percent “annoying but tolerable.” If a company habitually paid below 80 percent, Feldman might post a hectoring note, like this one:The cost of bagels has gone up dramatically since the beginning of the year. Unfortunately, the number of bagels that disappear without being paid for has also gone up. Don’t let that continue. I don’t imagine that you would teach your children to cheat, so why do it yourselves? The excerpt serves as which type of support for the authors’ argument?

A
a claim
B
an example
C
a conclusion
D
a counterclaim
10

Read the following excerpt from Levitt and Dubner’s Freakonomics.There is a tale, “The Ring of Gyges,” that Feldman sometimes tells his economist friends. It comes from Plato’s Republic. A student named Glaucon offered the story in response to a lesson by Socrates—who, like Adam Smith, argued that people are generally good even without enforcement. Glaucon, like Feldman’s economist friends, disagreed. He told of a shepherd named Gyges who stumbled upon a secret cavern with a corpse inside that wore a ring. When Gyges put on the ring, he found that it made him invisible. With no one able to monitor his behavior, Gyges proceeded to do woeful things—seduce the queen, murder the king, and so on. Glaucon’s story posed a moral question: could any man resist the temptation of evil if he knew his acts could not be witnessed? Glaucon seemed to think the answer was no. But Paul Feldman sides with Socrates and Adam Smith—for he knows the answer, at least 87 percent of the time, is yes.Feldman reaches the conclusion that most people are honest without receiving an incentive by

A
making a claim about his individual experiences and looking for evidence.
B
making a broad generalization about morality and looking for evidence.
C
studying his individual experiences and arriving at a broad generalization.
D
studying a counterclaim about morality and arriving at a broad generalization.
11

Which best describes a strong research question?

A
a question that is open-ended
B
a question with a concrete answer
C
a question that cannot be answered
D
a question with a predictable answer
12

Which of the following excerpts from Fast Food Nation best provides evidence that fast food restaurants are designed for using unskilled labor?

A
Her family’s modest townhouse sits beside a busy highway on the south side of Colorado Springs, in a largely poor and working-class neighborhood.
B
The ovens at Pizza Hut and at Domino’s also use conveyor belts to ensure standardized cooking times.
C
The restaurant opens for business at seven o’clock, and for the next hour or so, Elisa and the manager hold down the fort, handling all the orders.
D
Throughput is all about increasing the speed of assembly, about doing things faster in order to make more.

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