There are 4 seats available at a table in the lunch room of an elementary school, and 12 students are looking for seats. In how many ways can the seats at the table be filled with 4 of these 12 students?

The four seats are distinct, so who sits in each seat matters. There are 12 choices for the first seat, then 11, 10, and 9 choices for the remaining seats: 12 × 11 × 10 × 9 = 11,880. The correct choice is 11,880.

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