Volcanoes — Test Answers

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1
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Which environmental change is considered short term?

A
forest fire
B
ice age
C
mountain building
D
solar energy changes
2
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Favorable adaptations build up in a population over many generations due to long-term environmental change.What is the most likely result of this process?

A
extinction
B
speciation
C
loss of habitat
D
forced migration
3

Which feature of Earth is created at mid-ocean ridges?

A
new island chain
B
new underwater caves
C
new continents
D
new ocean floor
4

Which increases along faults and leads to rock breaking?

A
damage
B
earthquake
C
focus
D
stress
5

Which is one piece of evidence of seafloor spreading?

A
fossil material
B
continent material
C
drilled core samples
D
ocean water samples
6

Which plate forms a boundary with the African Plate?

Question illustration
A
Pacific
B
South American
C
Nazca
D
Philippine
7

A tropical rainforest includes trees, animals, insects, plants, rain, rivers, rocks, soil, and warm, moist air.Which spheres of Earth are represented in a tropical rainforest?

A
biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, ionosphere
C
geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere
D
ionosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
8

Which statement describes the damage that results from earthquakes?

A
Amount of damage can be used to determine intensity.
B
Damage can be measured using the Richter scale.
C
The amount of damage increases as magnitude decreases.
D
Earthquakes that cause maximum damage are the most common.
9

How do geologists study direct evidence of Earth’s interior?

A
by collecting drill core samples of Earth’s crust
B
by measuring seismic wave activity
C
by analyzing how living things survive
D
by recording changes in climate patterns
10

What may occur when convergent boundaries interact?

A
formation of island chains
B
creation of mid-ocean ridges
C
creation of convection currents
D
formation of rift valleys
11

Which type of stress causes rocks to fold?

A
compression
B
shearing
C
strike-slip
D
tension
12

Which indicates how evidence of climate change supports the theory of continental drift?

A
coal fields in several continents
B
volcano formation
C
glacial evidence found in South Africa
D
folded mountains in Africa and South America
13

Which feature forms when magma cools beneath Earth’s surface?

A
geysers
B
calderas
C
batholiths
D
vents
14

Which is one type of evidence that geologists usually study?

A
location of Earth in outer space
B
waves that move through Earth
C
interactions between living things on Earth
D
diversity of life found on Earth
15

What causes the force that pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe and vent of a volcano?

A
gravity
B
water flow
C
expanding gases
D
convergent boundaries
16

The image shows mountains in Alaska.

Question illustration
A
A syncline is visible.
B
An anticline is visible.
C
These mountains show no evidence of folding.
D
These mountains likely formed from normal faults.
17

When were Earth’s landmasses first recognizable as the continents we know today?

A
10 million years ago
B
135 million years ago
C
180 million years ago
D
300 million years ago
18

Which spheres of Earth are directly influenced when human-caused air pollution leads to acid rain that dissolves limestone rocks?

A
atmosphere, cryosphere, geosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
C
geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
D
biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere
19

Which statement describes one event that happens at deep-ocean trenches?

A
Crust is formed.
B
Mountains are formed.
C
Seafloor spreading occurs.
D
Denser plates slide under lighter plates.
20

A volcanic eruption releasing rock, ash, and dust particles into the air is an example of which interaction?

A
the biosphere interacting with the geosphere
B
the geosphere interacting with the atmosphere
C
the geosphere interacting with the hydrosphere
D
the hydrosphere interacting with the atmosphere

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