Test — Test Answers

0 verified answers
1
Free Preview

What can a person do to limit exposure to X-rays?

A
wear sunblock
B
avoid cigarette smoke
C
wear a protective lead vest
D
avoid chemicals
2
Free Preview

Maria is concerned because she has been exposed to a small amount of radiation during an X-ray. What is her doctor most likely to tell her?

A
Radiations from X-rays is not a mutagen.
B
Mutagens have no effect on the body unless you have inherited them.
C
Small amounts of a mutagen often do not have an effect on health.
D
Severe mutations are usually caused by small amounts of a mutagen.
3

Which best summarizes the process of protein synthesis?

A
RNA instructs DNA to make proteins.
B
DNA unzips, resulting in the formation of two protein molecules.
C
RNA moves the DNA code to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
D
DNA makes proteins in the nucleus.
4

Which represents a strand of RNA bases?

A
CAAGGTCTC
B
AGGTTCACA
C
CAAGGUCUC
D
TGGAACTCA
5

Which is a frameshift mutation?

A
substitution
B
nonsense
C
silent
D
deletion
6

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is caused by different mutations within the CFTR gene. One mutation in the CFTR gene that leads to cystic fibrosis causes translation to end earlier in the gene sequence. Which type of mutation causes this translation error that leads to cystic fibrosis?

A
silent
B
missense
C
nonsense
D
deletion
7

A forensic scientist is trying to find out the number of adenine bases in the DNA sample that he obtained from a crime scene.What can he assume about the number of adenine?

A
The number of adenine bases will be equal to the number of guanine bases.
B
The number of adenine bases will be equal to the total of all the other bases.
C
The number of adenine bases will be equal to the number of thymine bases.
D
The number of adenine bases will be half of the number of cytosine bases.
8

Which of these is the primary site of protein synthesis?

A
mitochondria
B
cytoplasm
C
nucleus
D
ribosomes
9

Which type of mutation occurs only in reproductive cells?

A
somatic mutation
B
germline mutation
C
point mutation
D
frameshift mutation
10

Which best describes somatic mutations?

A
They are usually passed on to offspring.
B
They can cause different kinds of cancer.
C
They always result from point mutations.
D
They only occur in reproductive cells.
11

Ji wants to write an example of a frameshift mutation using the following sentence: THE CAT SAW THE RAT. Which sentence best shows a frameshift mutation?

A
THC ATS AWT HER AT.
B
CAT THE SAW RAT THE.
C
EHT TAC WAS EHT TAR.
D
THE THE CAT SAW THE RAT.
12

Which represents a strand of RNA bases?

A
TGGCTCGAA
B
UGGCUCGAA
C
GTTAGTGCC
D
CAATCTAGG
13

Which is considered a chemical mutagen?

A
tanning beds
B
tobacco
C
X-rays
D
sunlight
14

What did Chargaff discover while studying bases in the DNA of organisms?

A
The bases in the DNA of each organism were unique.
B
The ratios of thymine and adenine were similar, as were the ratios of guanine and cytosine.
C
The overall percentages of bases were different from one organism to the next.
D
There were equal amounts of all four bases in every organism, or 25 percent of each base.
15

Which type of mutation occurs only in gametes?

A
germline mutation
B
somatic mutation
C
point mutation
D
frameshift mutation
16

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Tay-Sachs disease is a deadly disorder that is caused by a missing codon in the gene coding for production of the hex A enzyme in the body. Which type of mutation is responsible for causing Tay-Sachs disease?

A
substitution
B
replacement
C
insertion
D
deletion
17

A scientist thinks that a certain chemical is a mutagen. She exposes plant cells to a large amount of this chemical in the laboratory. Which statement best provides evidence that the substance is a mutagen?

A
The cells die within hours of being exposed to the chemical.
B
The cells grow more quickly than those that were not exposed to the chemical.
C
The cells change after being exposed to the chemical, and this change is passed to the next generation of cells.
D
The cells continue to divide at the same rate as before they were exposed to the chemical.
18

A mutagen is

A
a living thing that has undergone a mutation.
B
an agent that causes a mutation in DNA.
C
a mutation that has affected one gene.
D
any chemical that can poison living cells.

Did you find these answers helpful?