AnswersGA-Literature and Composition IText Structures in Wheels of Change, Part 2

Text Structures in Wheels of Change, Part 2 Answers

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Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.Inventors began to explore the idea of attaching cranks or pedals to the velocipede's wheels as early as the 1820s. Although a few made successful models for personal use, no one developed a prototype that gained widespread acceptance until the 1860s. Some attribute the breakthrough to Ernest Michaux, a French carriage maker, though others credit Pierre Lallement, who worked for him. At any rate, the new velocipede was propelled by pedals and cranks attached directly to the axel of the front wheel, which was slightly larger than the wheel behind it. Forward progress could be stopped or slowed by pedaling backward.

A
the gradual improvements in bicycle design
B
the process of attaining design patents
C
the increasing competition among bicycle companies
D
the progression of adding safety features to bicycles
2
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Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.Some attribute the breakthrough to Ernest Michaux, a French carriage maker, though others credit Pierre Lallement, who worked for him. At any rate, the new velocipede was propelled by pedals and cranks attached directly to the axel of the front wheel, which was slightly larger than the wheel behind it. Forward progress could be stopped or slowed by pedaling backward. However, with iron tires and only an ineffective steel spring under the seat to absorb bumps in the road, this velocipede was a challenge to ride. It quickly earned the nickname "boneshaker."

A
some
B
at any rate
C
forward progress
D
however
3

Read this excerpt from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.In efforts to restart the lives of those devastated by the crushing waves of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, my husband, F. K. Day, and I founded World Bicycle Relief (WBR). WBR works to provide access to independence and livelihood through the power of bicycles. During our work in Sri Lanka in 2005-2006, we put more than 24,000 new bicycles into the hands of those rebuilding their lives. Since 2006, we have moved into Africa where we currently work in Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Kenya addressing oppressive poverty and the AIDS pandemic by mobilizing volunteer caregivers, students, and entrepreneurs with bicycles.

A
the country’s recovery from the 2004 tsunami
B
the initial successes of World Bike Relief
C
a life transformed by bicycle ownership
D
a volunteer experience with World Bike Relief
4

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.On its members' behalf, the L.A.W. campaigned for separate bicycle paths in cities and pointed out to farmers that better rural roads would save their horses from injury. The smooth surfaces, claimed the organization, would also allow farmers to use fewer horses to move their goods to market, resulting in an annual saving of $700 million on horse feed alone. Before long, farmers stood squarely with the L.A.W. in the campaign for better roads. For their trouble, they saw the farmland along newly paved roads double in value.

A
the developing legal battle between lawyers and farmers
B
farmers’ increasing interest in riding bicycles
C
the progress toward improved roadways
D
farmers’ frustration with expenses
5

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change of by Sue Macy.

Question illustration
A
It connects the book’s central ideas about bicycle innovators.
B
It offers an example of how the American media portrayed bicycles.
C
It provides insight about safety improvements made to the bicycle.
D
It emphasizes the need for changing laws to accommodate bike riders.
6

What solution does Pope provide for the new American bicycle industry in Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy?

A
strict safety regulations
B
widespread promotion of bicycles
C
a transformation of the patent process
D
a design alteration to accommodate women
7

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.

Question illustration
A
It connects the book’s ideas about early bicycle variations.
B
It offers examples of American bicycle advertisements.
C
It provides insight about the most effective modifications to early bicycles.
D
It emphasizes the idea that bicycles gained popularity quickly.
8

Consider this text feature from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.Kate Parke, Chicago, Illinois: Bicycle Lock, 1890 “My present invention has, primarily, for its object to provide [an] improved lock mechanism whereby bicycles may be locked to prevent them from being used without the owner’s consent or to prevent them from being stolen.”

A
It connects the book’s ideas about bicycle popularity.
B
It offers an example of the changing look of bicycles.
C
It provides insight about resistance to women cyclists.
D
It emphasizes the idea that women were bicycle innovators.
9

competitionfearmoneypatience

A
competition
B
fear
C
money
D
patience
10

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.The crash caused his horses to run away, Hough said, flipping over the buggy and killing one of the animals. "I consider the bicycle to be the most dangerous thing to life and property ever invented," exclaimed Hough, who suffered a broken arm and finger in the accident. "The gentlest of horses are afraid of it." In the end, the judge upheld the right of New York's parks commissioners to ban bicycles and fined the cyclists five dollars each. Pope was not alone in his determination to fight for the rights of American cyclists. In the spring of 1880, he had joined author Charles Pratt and others in forming the League of American Wheelmen ("the L.A.W."), an organization that pledged to "promote the general interests of bicycling, to ascertain, defend, and protect the rights of wheelmen, and to encourage and facilitate touring."

A
to run away
B
in the accident
C
in the end
D
fined the cyclists
11

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.What interested Pope, however, was a display in one of the English buildings, where two manufacturers from Great Britain presented the latest bicycles. Pope was tantalized by these bicycles, called high wheelers, which had huge wheels in the front and tiny ones in the back. A Civil War veteran and entrepreneur, he wondered about the machine's possibilities as both a business venture and a means of transportation. If only it didn't seem so impossible to ride. Pope dismissed the idea of investing in this new vehicle until he encountered another one the following spring, during a jaunt on a horse near his Massachusetts home. All at once, a man on a high wheeler sped by him. When Pope's horse couldn't catch the cyclist, even at a gallop, the businessman suddenly saw the potential of traveling on two wheels.

A
Pope’s first attempts to ride bicycles
B
Pope’s developing interest in bicycles
C
steps Pope follows to invest in the cycling industry
D
steps Pope follows to improve the high wheelers’ design
12

[BLANK]

A
how a bicyle is made
B
the bicyle industry
C
patents for bicycles
D
innovations in bicycles
13

Consider these text features from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.Dressing the Part – Frances Benjamin Johnston, above, might have raised a few eyebrows when she donned a man’s suit and a fake mustache for this self-portrait in the late 1800s. But the groundbreaking photographer was used to operating in a man’s world.

Question illustration
A
They connect the book’s ideas about the American bicycle industry.
B
They offer an example of wealthy society’s enthusiasm for bicycles.
C
They provide insight about the English influence on American bicycles.
D
They emphasize the idea that bicycles helped blur gender roles.
14

Read this paragraph.The students of Valencia High adore the school vending machine. It has been in operation as long as the school, providing a variety of snacks, from crackers to granola bars to juices and even fresh fruit. These snacks sustain students throughout the day and help them ward off hunger during after-school activities. The teachers and custodians are not as enthusiastic. They complain about the wrappers, containers, and peelings that litter the floors and hallways. Many staff members believe that a trial period should begin in which students must prove that they can keep the school clean or lose the privilege of the vending machine.

A
the unhealthy food offered at the vending machine
B
the hunger that distracts students between meals
C
the trash associated with vending machine snacks
D
the challenges of monitoring students during a trial period
15

Consider this text feature from Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.“To men, the bicycle in the beginning was merely a new toy, another machine added to the long list of devices they knew in their work and play. To women, it was a steed upon which they rode into a new world.”– “Woman and the Wheel,” Munsey’s Magazine, May 1896

A
It connects the book’s central ideas about the design of the bicycle.
B
It offers examples of improvements that were made to the bicycle.
C
It provides insight about the significance of the bicycle to women.
D
It emphasizes the widespread popularity of bicycles across all age groups.

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