Answers2026-2027_MDCPS_2100315_United States History B-CRAn Iron Curtain

The Arms Race and the Space Race Answers

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Which of the following was a NASA program that served as a bridge between human space flight and the moon landing?

A
Mercury
B
Gemini
C
Apollo
D
Sputnik
2
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Why was the Gemini program valuable to future space programs?

A
The Gemini program put the first person on the moon.
B
The Gemini program proved that space travel was dangerous.
C
Gemini scientists realized that it was possible to send a person into space.
D
Gemini astronauts worked to perfect methods of re-entry and landing.
3

In October of 1957, the Soviet Union shocked the United States by

A
refusing to build missiles.
B
testing the first hydrogen bomb.
C
increasing their defense spending.
D
launching the satellite Sputnik I.
4

Which of the following is the best definition of the term nuclear deterrence?

A
the belief that a nuclear war would have no winner
B
the idea that no nuclear weapon was as strong as armed forces
C
the idea that the threat of nuclear war was enough to stop an attack
D
the competition to acquire more and deadlier weapons
5

How does the concept of competition relate to the arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War?

A
The two nations were not concerned about one another or their nuclear capabilities, so there was no competition between them.
B
The two nations were interested in working together to produce nuclear weaponry, which extinguished any competition between them.
C
The two nations wanted to outdo one another in the development and stockpiling of nuclear weapons, which drove the competition between them.
D
The two nations felt that face-to-face battles would be more effective than nuclear weapons, which led to a violent competition between them.
6

In 1963, the United States and the Soviet Union signed a treaty stating that

A
all nuclear testing would be halted.
B
the use of nuclear weapons would be banned.
C
all nuclear testing would be held underground.
D
only the US and the USSR could have nuclear weapons.
7

The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union began when

A
the US first launched a nuclear missile.
B
the Soviet Union developed its own atomic bomb.
C
the Soviet Union launched its first satellite.
D
NASA created the Mercury program.
8

Which of the following was a consequence of testing the H-bomb?

A
radiation sickness
B
fission reaction
C
fusion reaction
D
missile gap
9

The first person to orbit Earth in a spacecraft was

A
John Glenn.
B
Yuri Gagarin.
C
Neil Armstrong.
D
Nikita Khrushchev.
10

NASA’s first attempt to achieve human space flight was called the

A
Apollo program.
B
Gemini program.
C
Mercury program.
D
Explorer program.
11

Why did the United States create the National Defense Education Act?

A
to develop nuclear weapons
B
to launch future satellites
C
to fund science education
D
to restore American confidence
12

After the success of the Sputnik launch in 1957, the US feared that

A
it would never be able to launch its own satellite.
B
the USSR had used technology developed by the US.
C
the Soviets had superior nuclear capabilities.
D
any future satellites would not be as successful.
13

How did the concept of mutually assured destruction influence the Cold War?

A
It prohibited the US from developing missiles to deliver the bombs.
B
It proved that there was no safe place to test nuclear weapons.
C
It showed that the Soviets were unable to develop a nuclear weapon.
D
It reminded people that a nuclear war would be devastating for everyone.
14

What was the link between the launch of Sputnik I and the National Defense Educational Act?

A
The National Defense Education Act was created in response to the launch of Sputnik I.
B
The development of Sputnik I came about because of information generated by the National Defense Education Act.
C
The launch of Sputnik I meant the US no longer needed the funds provided by the National Defense Education Act.
D
The National Defense Education Act created the funds necessary to develop and launch Sputnik I.
15

Look at the graph.Based on the graph, defense spending in the United States

Question illustration
A
increased in the years immediately after World War II.
B
decreased during the midst of the Korean War.
C
increased during the arms race against the USSR.
D
decreased as more nuclear weapons were stockpiled.

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