AnswersEnvironmental Science ASuccession and Extinction

The Cycles of Matter Answers

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The Great Burdock plant’s seeds have spines on them that attach to the fur of animals that brush against it. The seed then travels with the animal until it eventually falls off, which spreads the plant’s seeds farther than the plant could have done. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

A
Mutualism
B
Commensalism
C
Parasitism
D
Competition
2
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How can an increase in biodiversity lead to an increase in ecosystem stability?

A
A more biodiverse ecosystem is not subject to change.
B
A more biodiverse ecosystem has a higher chance of adapting to species changes.
C
A more biodiverse ecosystem has fewer species types to balance.
D
A more biodiverse ecosystem is subject to fewer natural disasters.
3

Organisms that have a physical trait that makes it easier for them to access food supplies are unlikely to pass on that trait to their offspring.

A
T
B
F
4

What discovery led Darwin to develop his theories on adaptation?

A
The Galapagos islands contain a range of habitats.
B
The Galapagos islands originate from volcanoes.
C
The birds Darwin found in the Galapagos were different types of finches, not separate types of birds.
D
Many of the organisms in the Galapagos lived in hostile environments.
5

Scientists recently identified the function of three proteins in plants. The proteins regulate the production of fatty acids, which are found in fats and oils. Which question will most likely be asked about the results, leading to more investigations?

A
How are proteins produced?
B
Are the plants nonrenewable resources?
C
How much energy do fatty acids produce when they are burned as fuel?
D
How can the proteins be used to increase the amount of oil produced by a plant?
6

In what way do investigations build scientific knowledge?

A
The results of investigations lead to questions that cannot be tested.
B
They reflect the opinions and social values of scientists, ensuring valid information.
C
The results of investigations lead to new questions, which lead to new investigations.
D
They are not influenced by the research of earlier scientists, so they are able to address gaps in understanding.
7

Consider the following food chain:Garden plants are eaten by snails, which are eaten by birds, which are eaten by the household cat.

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
8

Deer run in zigzag patterns when being chased by predators. What type of adaptation is this?

A
Behavioral
B
Physiological
C
Structural
D
Ecological
9

After observing a moth that is camouflaged against dark-colored bark, a scientist asks a question. The scientist discovers that the question has already been asked and answered by several investigations. What should the scientist do?

A
The scientist should test the question anyway.
B
The scientist should broaden the scope of the question.
C
The scientist should come up with a new way to test the question.
D
The scientist should revise the question to address a gap in knowledge.
10

How does conservation affect biodiversity?

A
It helps to preserve climate change.
B
It decreases species diversity.
C
It helps to preserve biodiversity.
D
It decreases ecosystem diversity.
11

What led Darwin to believe that organisms originate from a common ancestor?

Answer not available
12

How could the loss of biodiversity affect humans?

A
It may cause an increase in the human population as competition is reduced.
B
It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products.
C
It could lead to a decrease in infectious and other diseases that affect humans.
D
It could cause a decrease in the amount of pollutants on the planet.
13

Use the concept of natural selection to explain why organisms typically adapt over time.

Answer not available
14

Which description indicates that a question is nonscientific?

A
The question has a narrow focus.
B
They question leads to a testable hypothesis.
C
The question addresses a gap in knowledge.
D
The question relies on moral or social values.
15

A conservation biologist has determined the status of the ecosystems in a protected area, as shown in the table below. Based on the table, which part of the pie chart represents secondary succession?Status of ecosystemsPercentage of protected areaPrimary succession10Secondary succession30Barren land5Established community55

Question illustration
A
segment A
B
segment B
C
segment C
D
segment D
16

Variation of ecological habitats within a species is characteristic of which type of diversity?

A
Genetic diversity
B
Ecosystem diversity
C
Species diversity
D
Regional diversity
17

Which of the following is not a part of Darwin’s theory of evolution?

A
Changes in organisms occur immediately.
B
Organisms change over time.
C
Species evolution occurs through natural selection.
D
Organisms developed from common ancestors.
18

Which of the following could result in secondary succession?

A
the formation of a tall sand dune on a previously grassy beach
B
a vast glacier in motion forming a U-shaped valley in its wake
C
a volcanic eruption that covers most of what used to be a forest
D
an introduced species that destroys all the native plants in an area
19

Which type of information is best represented by a chart?

A
the sequence of chemical reactions in photosynthesis
B
the percentage composition of gases in car exhaust
C
the rate of carbon dioxide production during exercise
D
the numbers of male and female fish in a lake
20

Explain how the concept of the “survival of the fittest” relates to the theory of evolution.

Answer not available

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