AnswersMI-GovernmentCivicsThe Enlightenment

The Enlightenment Answers

0 verified answers2 views
1
Free Preview

[BLANK]

A
rulers
B
philosophers
C
enemies
2
Free Preview

How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed?

A
as mutually beneficial for people and government
B
as more beneficial to the government
C
as more beneficial to the people governed
D
as not at all beneficial to either group
3

John Locke thought people were neither good nor bad naturally. How did Hobbes’s views differ from Locke’s?

A
Hobbes thought people were naturally violent.
B
Hobbes thought people were naturally kind.
C
Hobbes thought people were naturally peaceful.
D
Hobbes thought people were naturally evil.
4

According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the purpose of government control over citizens?

A
to provide safety and security
B
to erase natural human tendencies
C
to create a balanced society
D
to change the corrupt nature of humans.
5

Enlightenment thinking on government included

A
establishing religious doctrine.
B
using violent protest.
C
taking a secular approach.
D
supporting divine right.
6

[BLANK]

A
unity
B
freedom
C
tyranny
7

What must people provide in order to be governed under a social contract?

A
rational consent to the government
B
allegiance to the government
C
political support for the government
D
material support for the government
8

The key idea of John Locke’s Enlightenment theory was to protect and enhance the freedoms and rights of

A
the government.
B
the philosophers.
C
the law.
D
the individual.
9

Which term is synonymous with “natural rights,” according to Enlightenment philosophers?

A
legal rights
B
divine rights
C
positive rights
D
universal rights
10

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply.

A
the age of science and scientific inquiry
B
the revival of religious belief and study
C
the age of reason-based inquiry
D
the advancement in all areas of human interest
E
the resurgence of past ideas and principles
11

Under what circumstances did John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government?

A
It is never acceptable, as overthrowing the government would be a violation of the social contract.
B
If the people were to break the social contract and seek a different type of rule, the people could overthrow the government.
C
If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government.
D
If the government failed to accept new natural rights, the people could overthrow the government.
12

Which act could be considered an acceptance of the social contract?

A
paying the electric bill in exchange for using electricity
B
viewing commercials in exchange for watching network news broadcasts
C
observing traffic laws in exchange for driving on the highway
D
paying the water bill in exchange for taking a shower
13

How did the Enlightenment’s theories of government view the role of government?

A
as benevolent
B
as absolute
C
as transparent
D
as useful
14

Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights?

A
life, liberty, property
B
life, cooperation, liberty
C
opportunity, property, support
D
opportunity, support, cooperation
15

John Locke believed humans are

A
easily be molded by authority.
B
instinctual and violent.
C
good but corrupted by society.
D
naturally reasonable.
16

John Locke helped develop the idea of a social contract between citizens and the

A
monarchy.
B
church.
C
government.
D
philosophers.
17

[BLANK]

A
Thomas Hobbes
B
John Locke
C
Baron de Montesquieu
18

Why did Montesquieu advocate the separation of powers?

A
to stop political parties from gaining too much power
B
to ensure power divisions along party lines
C
to eliminate conflict between branches of government
D
to limit the power of any single group or person
19

Read the passage from Two Treatises of Government (1690) by John Locke.This paternal, regal power being by divine right only his, it leaves no room for human prudence, or consent, to place it any where else; for if only one man hath a divine right to the obedience of mankind, no body can claim that obedience, but he that can shew that right; nor can men’s consciences, by any other pretence, be obliged to it. And thus, this doctrine cuts up all government by the roots.

A
If only one person has the authority to rule, then no one else, even members of government, may have authority, so divine right undermines civil society.
B
If only one person has the authority to rule, there should be no confusion about how to follow the law, so divine right supports the goals of civil society.
C
If only one person has the authority to rule, the people will always eventually conflict with that ruler, so divine right undermines civil society.
D
If only one person has the authority to rule, all of the public servants they appoint will act in good faith, so divine right supports the goals of civil society.
20

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?

A
the natural rights behind religion’s continued power
B
the natural rights governing human behavior and society
C
the natural rights that gave leaders absolute power
D
the natural rights that governed the physical universe

Did you find these answers helpful?

More from this Course

Quiz
18 verified answers

1.4 The Enlightenment

Quiz
11 verified answers

The Enlightenment

Quiz
10 verified answers

Foundations of American Democracy