AnswersMI-GovernmentCivics 2023Article III: The Courts

The Supreme Court and the Role of Government Answers

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Read the excerpt from the majority opinion in the US Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison by John Marshall.Thus, the particular [wording] of the constitution of the United States confirms and strengthens the principle, supposed to be essential to all written constitutions, that a law [in opposition to] the constitution is void; and that courts, as well as other departments, are bound by that instrument.

l
limited the number of justices on the Court.
e
enacted term limits on the presidency.
p
placed limitations on state governments.
c
clarified the role of the Supreme Court.
2
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It is emphatically the province and duty of the Judicial Department to say what the law is.

I
It explains why the Supreme Court ruled in favor of William Marbury in the case of Marbury v. Madison.
I
It explains that the Supreme Court should decide whether a law or action is constitutional.
I
It explains why the judicial department ruled that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was constitutional.
I
It explains that the judicial department has powers that go beyond the limits of the Constitution.
3

What was a result of Gibbons v. Ogden?

A
A state license allowed Aaron Ogden to overtake Thomas Gibbons’ steamboat due to New York state law.
B
A federal license allowed Thomas Gibbons to operate his steamboats in multiple states.
C
Thomas Gibbons won a federal license to operate his steamboats anywhere in the United States.
D
Aaron Ogden maintained a state level monopoly on steamboat operation in New York.
4

An implied power is one that

A
is clearly outlined in the Constitution.
B
gives the Supreme Court power to revise the Constitution.
C
overrules the wording of the Constitution.
D
is suggested by the Constitution, but not specifically stated.
5

Who was involved in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden?

A
two competing owners of steamboat companies
B
a steamboat owner and the federal government
C
two steamboat owners who didn’t want to pay federal taxes
D
two steamboat owners who argued with federal law
6

By ruling in James McCulloch’s favor in McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court agreed that

A
Congress should not be involved in creating banks.
B
McCulloch could continue to pay state, not federal, taxes.
C
Congress had the power to create a federal bank.
D
McCulloch could run a state bank under federal laws.
7

In McCulloch v. Maryland, what did the State of Maryland argue?

A
Banks cannot be created by Congress.
B
States can determine which institutions within its borders must pay taxes.
C
A federal bank must pay taxes to the state in which it is located.
D
Banks may only be created by Congress, not by individuals.
8

Why did William Marbury most likely support the Judiciary Act of 1789?

A
It allowed Marbury to take his case to the Supreme Court.
B
It overruled James Madison and confirmed Marbury’s appointment.
C
It said that James Madison’s actions were unconstitutional.
D
It limited the Constitution’s power to affect Marbury’s case.
9

Why was James Madison sued, resulting in Marbury v. Madison?

H
He reduced the number of federal judges in the district, preventing Marbury from getting a job.
H
He wrote an article about Marbury in the newspaper, which hurt his career as a federal judge.
H
He disagreed with Marbury politically, and withdrew a job offer he had made.
H
He refused to honor an appointment made by a previous presidential administration.
10

Which is the best definition of “supremacy”?

A
highest authority
B
limitless power
C
superior judgment
D
greater aptitude
11

best

t
the authority given to the judicial branch
t
the decisions made by the judicial branch
t
the structure used to create the judicial branch
t
the courts included in the judicial branch
12

Which explains a difference between an original case and appellate case that the Supreme Court hears?

A
An original case has been heard by a lower court, while an appellate case has not.
A
An original case involves the executive branch, while an appellate case does not.
A
An appellate case involves the legislative branch, while an original case does not.
A
An appellate case has been heard by a lower court, while an original case has not.
13

Appellate jurisdiction refers to

A
the Supreme Court’s authority to hear a case for the first time.
B
the Supreme Court’s authority to hear a case from a lower court.
C
a lower court’s authority to hear a case from the executive branch.
D
a lower court’s authority to hear a case from the legislative branch.
14

best

T
The framers of the Constitution believed that as the country grew, more courts would be needed to meet its needs.
T
The framers of the Constitution believed that as courts made unpopular decisions, they would need to be replaced.
T
The framers of the Constitution wanted to ensure that Congress always had more power than the courts.
T
The framers of the Constitution wanted to ensure that new courts were always being created so new judges could be appointed.
15

most

a
a case involving the laws of a single state
a
a case between two companies
a
a case appealed from a lower court
a
a case between two states
16

Under the Constitution, the judicial branch must try criminal cases with a of one’s peers.

Answer not available
17

The Constitution gives Congress the power to create federal courts

A
lower than the Supreme Court.
B
higher than the Supreme Court.
C
equal to the Supreme Court.
D
unaffected by the Supreme Court.
18

During criminal cases, what is guaranteed by the Constitution?

m
media coverage
t
trial by jury
a
an experienced lawyer
a
a panel of justices
19

Which is a true statement about federal justices?

A
They are appointed by the Senate.
B
They serve five-year terms.
C
They are approved by the Supreme Court.
D
They serve lifetime terms.
20

In terms of jurisdiction, the Supreme Court has

A
executive and appellate.
B
original and appellate.
C
legislative and original.
D
original and executive.

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