Answers LHS World HistoryConquest of the Americas

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The illustration shows a section of a slave ship along the Middle Passage.

It shows how tightly enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a harsh and often deadly journey.

It shows how loosely enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a very safe and calming journey.

It shows how comfortably enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a secure and harmless journey.

It shows how carelessly enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a casual and effortless journey.

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Which statement best describes the effect of Triangular Trade on Africa?

Communities were devastated, the population declined, families were torn apart, and slave trading wars claimed even more African lives.

Societal fabric was destroyed, between 10-15 million Africans were sent to the New World, and the rise of African state banks occurred.

Young, healthy Africans were sent to the New World, a smallpox epidemic further decreased the population, and Africa began growing coffee.

Ten to twenty percent of Africans on the Middle Passage died due to inhumane conditions, West Africa became a trading post for corn and wheat, and wars for colonial control began.

The chart shows that the Taino population was nearly 300,000 in 1492, and under 10,000 in 1548.

The steep decline of the Indigenous population due to exodus of Hispaniola following Columbus’s arrival.

The complete disappearance of the Taino from Brazil due to the Columbian Exchange.

An example of the impact that European exploration had on Indigenous populations.

An example of the severe decline of the Taino religious population after the mission system ended.

How was the practice of traditional African enslavement different from the enslavement practiced after European contact?

Enslaved people were usually transported to the West Indies.

Enslaved people were often ransomed back to their home villages.

Enslaved people were rarely captured in war.

Enslaved people rarely had an opportunity to regain their freedom.

Why were joint-stock companies created?

to allow individuals to finance and share the benefits of trade

to reduce the risk of overseas business

to let two or more individuals buy stock in a company

to create bigger companies

What was one reason the number of enslaved Africans in the Americas increased?

American demand for goods produced in African villages

European demand for crops grown by American plantations

African demand for goods manufactured in the American colonies

Indigenous demand for labor to produce food for a growing population

Read the following passages from John Newton’s diary.Saturday 22 JuneBeing pretty warm, got up the men and washed all the slaves with fresh water. l am much afraid of another ravage from the flux [diarrheal infection], for we have had 8 taken within these few days.Thursday 27 JuneWhen we were putting the slaves down in the evening, one that was sick jumped overboard. Got him in again but he died immediately between his weakness and the salt water he had swallowed, though I imagine he would have lived but a little while being quite worn out.Which claim is supported by this reading?

The men on board the ship always treated the enslaved people well, in sickness and in health.

One of the ship’s crew members was counted among those taken.

The enslaved people on board suffered waves of illness at times resulting in death.

Saturday, June 22nd was the first day of deaths.

The map below shows a graphic representation of an important movement in the 16th - 18th centuries.

the three primary trade winds that helped ships travel in the 1500s

the movement of goods, money, and enslaved people that made up Triangular Trade

the movement of silver during the Commercial Revolution

the three primary routes for commercial trade between Hispaniola and the Old World

What gave rise to the slave trade?

The lack of a skilled labor force in the Americas and the decline of the West African population caused residents to seek a living elsewhere.

The shipment of gold from the Americas to Europe caused plantation owners to seek inexpensive laborers.

The death of many Indigenous peoples to disease and the planting of labor-intensive crops.

The global expansion of the spice trade and the rise of Christianity in the Americas.

How did the Columbian Exchange affect the African people?

The introduction of new crops and the decimation of the Indigenous population in the New World led to the capture and enslavement of many African people.

The introduction of new crops and the Commercial Revolution in Europe led to the transfer of goods for African land.

The introduction of new animals and diseases to the Americas led to the Middle Passage, a ship route that transported many Indigenous peoples to Africa.

The introduction of the joint-stock company and the rise of cities and towns led many African people to invest in the New World.

What were some effects of the Columbian Exchange?

Africa grew wealthy from the slave trade, the Americas gained gold from Europe, and the merchant class of Europe was born.

Africa’s population declined, the Americas flourished with plants from Europe, and wealth flowed in the European economy.

African society was torn apart by the slave trade, the Americas exported finished goods to Europe, and European countries invested in the American stock market.

West Africa began agricultural farming, the Americas were introduced to horses, and Europe started funding state banks.

What aspect of the Commercial Revolution would bring discord between colonists and their mother countries?

There was a lack of a stock exchange in the colonial outpost.

All goods and raw materials were tightly regulated by the mother country.

Colonial farmers were taxed on goods they produced.

Colonists were not permitted to buy shares in joint-stock companies.

How did the Atlantic slave trade impact the Americas’ role in triangular trade?

It increased the number of enslaved laborers forced to grow crops that were exported from the Americas to Europe.

It decreased the number of enslaved laborers used to grow crops that were exported from the Americas to Europe.

It decreased the use of enslaved laborers in factories that manufactured goods to be sold in the Americas.

It increased the number of enslaved laborers forced to work in European factories that sold manufactured goods to the Americas.

Which is a positive balance of trade for a country?

importing goods and exporting services

importing raw materials and exporting goods

importing more goods than exporting

exporting more goods than importing

Read the passage from Olaudah Equiano’s autobiography.The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us. The air soon became unfit for respiration from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died . . . The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable.What is the main idea described in the text?

Deaths of enslaved people occurred on slave ships.

Slave ships were crowded, yet cool places.

The existence of human suffering filled slave ships.

Enslaved Africans were confined to small and dark places.

Timeline from 1400 to 1800. Columbus reaches America in 1492. Enslaved persons arrive in the Americas in 1511. Spain's American empire is well established in 1540. The Dutch East India company is founded in 1602. The Seven Years' War ends in 1763.

Age of Columbus

Age of Exploration

Age of Enslavement

Age of Commerce

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