AnswersPMHS Health Q2The Digestive and Urinary Systems

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1
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Sue and Shannon are having an argument about diet myths. In order to settle the argument, select the "myth" that is really a TRUE statement.

A
In order to lose weight, you must consume a very low-calorie diet.
B
In order to improve your fitness and increase your energy, you must workout every day.
C
Fad diets are a great way to drop weight fast and keep it off.
D
To lose weight, you must use more energy than you consume.
2
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Being realistic about one's flaws is the symptom of an unhealthy body image.

A
T
B
F
3

Lisa complains that she has a slow metabolism, but it's her fault because people can control how quickly their metabolism works.

A
T
B
F
4

Charlene has a BMI of 29; therefore, she wants to change her body composition. Which plan would be BEST for her?

A
She should exercise 60 minutes a day, eat six small meals that equal less than 2,000 calories, and make sure to get plenty of rest.
B
She should run 30 minutes a day, eat balanced meals that contain about 1,000 calories each, and sleep about six hours a night.
C
She should lift weights 45 minutes a day, eat 4,000 calories a day, and sleep at least 10 hours a night.
D
She should do cardiovascular exercises, eat six small meals that altogether equal 1,000 calories, and sleep about eight hours a night.
5

A patient comes to the emergency room after passing out. The doctor discovers a very low amount of salts in the body. The doctor should suspect problems with the patient's __________.

A
gallbladder because the salts are not properly digested
B
kidneys because the salts are not properly regulated
C
liver because the salts are not properly filtered out
D
bladder because the salts are not properly stored
6

What is the purpose of a diet and why do most people diet?

Answer:

A diet is a change in eating habits. People diet for many different reasons. The biggest reason is to lose weight.

7

Lisa reads so many magazines and they give her all kinds of advice on weight loss and fitness. Which piece of advice would be good for her to follow?

A
Eating protein-rich, low-carbohydrate foods is the best way to lose weight.
B
Skip midday meals to save calories for dinner.
C
Eat frequent, low-calorie, small meals each day.
D
If she wants to speed up her metabolism, she has to consume very few calories.
8

In a diet and exercise program, a good reward for weight loss is a big serving of your favorite high calorie food.

A
T
B
F
9

Luke is 5 feet 11 inches and weighs 170 pounds. Using the body mass index chart as a guide, under which category would he fall?

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
10

Larissa has a BMI of 30% and a waist measurement of 40. Describe Larissa's body composition, set a reasonable goal for her, and devise a plan to help her accomplish the goal.

Answer:

Larissa's BMI of 30 indicates obesity and her waist of 40 inches shows central fat distribution, increasing health risks. Reasonable goal: reduce BMI to ~25-27 and waist to under 35 inches. Plan: combine calorie-controlled balanced diet with regular aerobic and strength exercise 4-5 times weekly, monitor progress, and consult a professional.

11

Like his parents, Thomas is short, stocky, and heavyset. Although he exercises regularly and eats a well-balanced meal, his body composition stays the same. Explain what factor is most likely affecting his body composition.

Answer:

The factor that is most likely affecting Thomas's body composition is genetics. Heredity influences the amount of fat a person possesses, and children with heavyset parents are more likely to be heavyset.

12

When doctors talk about an individual's body composition, they are talking solely about the fat components of the human body.

T
T
F
F
13

If you wanted to measure your body composition and only had a scale and measuring tape, what types of methods could you use?

Answer:

BMI (using height and weight from tape and scale), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio

14

Compare and contrast the health-related problems that severely underweight and overweight people might face.

Answer:

Severely overweight and underweight people face numerous health issues, but those issues differ for the most part. People who have too much body fat may suffer from such problems as high blood pressure, increased cholesterol, diabetes, and joint and bone disorders. On the other hand, people with too little body fat suffer from altered hormones, loss of menstruation (in women), osteoporosis, and organ failure. The one major consequence that both severely overweight and underweight people face is death.

15

The kidneys are paired structures that __________.

A
transport urine to the bladder
B
help in digestion of carbohydrates
C
regulate salts, waters, and other minerals
D
absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
16

Why do most people begin a diet?

A
to lower their blood pressure
B
to raise their cholesterol
C
to lose weight
D
to avoid disease
17

Lisa goes to the doctor because she is experiencing the need for urination more frequently than normal and has a burning sensation when she does. Lisa's symptoms indicate that she probably has __________.

A
kidney stones
B
constipation
C
a urinary tract infection
D
nephritis
18

What does the FITT principles stand for and how can it be used to alter body composition?

Answer:

FITT stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type. Apply these principles to exercise routines by increasing frequency and intensity of workouts, extending duration (time), and choosing appropriate types of activity (cardio and strength training) to increase calorie burn and build muscle, thereby reducing body fat percentage.

19

Describe the difference between a healthy diet and dieting to lose weight.

Answer:

Dieting is a meal plan set to accomplish a goal. Healthy diets are a lifelong quest for a balanced diet and proper nutrition.

20

Which of the following BEST represent a good plan for decreasing your BMI?

A
measure your BMI; start a program that allows you to eat less and exercise more; reward yourself with your favorite dessert after reaching your goal
B
measure your BMI; set goals; record your progress in a journal; when you reach a goal, give yourself a sensible reward
C
plan a workout that gives your plenty of cardiovascular exercise; when your reach your weight loss goal, eat your favorite high-calorie food
D
skip breakfast to lower your calorie intake until you reach your goal; reward yourself with a new toy

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