AnswersEAP-Virginia and US History B CRInternment and the Constitution

Turning Points in the Pacific Answers

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1
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Why did President Roosevelt originally authorize the development of the atomic bomb?

A
He believed that Germany was trying to develop one.
B
He wanted to end the war quickly.
C
He feared that the United States could not defeat Japan without it.
2
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What did Presidents Roosevelt and Truman both believe about the bomb from the beginning?

A
that it was too powerful a weapon to use except as a final resource
B
that it should be used if it would shorten the war or save American lives
C
that it would serve as a reminder to all nations that attacking America would never be tolerated
3

What was the situation in the spring and summer of 1945, when Truman had to make his decision? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
The Allies were ready to transfer their war resources from Europe to the Pacific.
B
Japan was busily rearming and threatening to strike back.
C
Japan’s leaders were refusing to surrender.
D
US resources had been stretched thin, and the United States’ ability to invade was limited.
E
Japan’s ability to make war had been badly crippled.
F
The United States was inflicting heavy damage by bombing Japan’s cities.
4

Why did President Truman hesitate to use the atomic bomb?

A
He worried that Japan also had an atomic bomb and might use it on the United States.
B
No one knew whether the atomic bomb would work.
C
Using the atomic bomb would change the world forever by making it a more dangerous place.
5

Why did President Roosevelt originally authorize the development of the atomic bomb?

A
He believed that Germany was trying to develop one.
B
He wanted to end the war quickly.
C
He feared that the United States could not defeat Japan without it.
6

What was the situation in the spring and summer of 1945, when Truman had to make his decision? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
The Allies were ready to transfer their war resources from Europe to the Pacific.
B
Japan was busily rearming and threatening to strike back.
C
Japan’s leaders were refusing to surrender.
D
US resources had been stretched thin, and the United States’ ability to invade was limited.
E
Japan’s ability to make war had been badly crippled.
F
The United States was inflicting heavy damage by bombing Japan’s cities.
7

What other choices did Truman struggle with in the summer of 1945?

Answer:

He could authorize an invasion of Japan. He could blockade Japan and continue bombing. He could demonstrate the bomb in some remote area. He could drop the bomb on a Japanese city.

8

Which reasons did you include in your answer? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
He could authorize an invasion of Japan.
B
He could blockade Japan and continue bombing.
C
He could demonstrate the bomb in some remote area.
D
He could drop the bomb on a Japanese city.
9

Why did Truman decide to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima?

Answer:

President Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb because he believed a land invasion of Japan would result in too many American casualties. Japan’s leaders appeared determined to fight to the death rather than surrender, and Truman did not believe that a naval blockade or conventional bombing would be enough to end the war quickly.

10

Which reasons did you include in your answer? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
An invasion of Japan would cost too many American lives.
B
Japan’s leaders seemed determined not to surrender.
C
Truman didn’t believe that a blockade or bombing would end the war.
11

Why did President Truman hesitate to use the atomic bomb?

A
He worried that Japan also had an atomic bomb and might use it on the United States.
B
No one knew whether the atomic bomb would work.
C
Using the atomic bomb would change the world forever by making it a more dangerous place.
12

Why didn’t President Truman authorize a demonstration of the atomic bomb first instead of choosing to drop it on Japan? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
He wasn’t sure if a demonstration bomb would work and couldn’t afford to have it be a dud.
B
He only had two, and it was believed that two were needed to end the war.
C
He did not want to pass up the chance to punish Japan.
13

What did Presidents Roosevelt and Truman both believe about the bomb from the beginning?

A
that it was too powerful a weapon to use except as a final resource
B
that it should be used if it would shorten the war or save American lives
C
that it would serve as a reminder to all nations that attacking America would never be tolerated
14

Why didn’t President Truman authorize a demonstration of the atomic bomb first instead of choosing to drop it on Japan? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
He wasn’t sure if a demonstration bomb would work and couldn’t afford to have it be a dud.
B
He only had two, and it was believed that two were needed to end the war.
C
He did not want to pass up the chance to punish Japan.

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