AnswersEDG CHEM ES WLABS2P – Q2_9Oxidation-Reduction

Types of Radioactive Decay Answers

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1
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What is a key difference between chemical and nuclear reactions?

A
In chemical reactions, new compounds are formed. In nuclear reactions, compounds are destroyed.
B
Chemical reactions involve electron rearrangements. Nuclear reactions involve changes to the nucleus.
C
Chemical reactions involve large changes in energy. Nuclear reactions absorb or release small amounts of energy.
D
In chemical reactions, only alpha radiation is emitted. In nuclear reactions, alpha, beta, and gamma decay may occur.
2
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An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has a –1 charge. What other characteristic does the radiation have?

A
some shielding required
B
no mass
C
large mass
D
high penetrating power
3

Consider the table below that summarizes the types of materials that can block the 3 different types of radiation.Material123LeadStoppedStoppedStoppedClothNot stoppedStoppedStoppedAluminum foilNot stoppedStoppedStoppedWoodNot stoppedStoppedStoppedPaperNot stopped StoppedNot stoppedThick concreteStoppedStoppedStoppedBased on the table, at which numbered spot in the table does each type of radiation belong?

A
1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma
B
1 = alpha; 2 = beta, 3 = gamma
C
1 = beta; 2 = gamma, 3 = alpha
D
1 = gamma; 2 = alpha, 3 = beta
4

A scientist notices that a lump of niobium is warm to the touch and wonders if nuclear reactions are taking place in the metal. How can she find out?

A
Measure the metal’s temperature.
B
Check for the presence of alpha, beta, and gamma particles.
C
Look for the presence of niobium compounds.
D
Place the niobium in a pressurized container, and see if the lump becomes warmer.
5

Two protons and two neutrons are released as a result of this reaction. Rn Po + ?Which particle is released?

Question illustration
A
one alpha particle
B
two beta particles
C
one alpha and one beta particle
D
one high-energy photon
6

Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen. The nucleus of a deuterium atom consists of one proton and one neutron. When two deuterium nuclei fuse, helium-3 is formed, and a neutron is emitted. Which equation illustrates this process?

A
2 upper H subscript 2 plus upper o subscript 2 right arrow 2 upper H subscript 2 upper O.
Option A
B
2 superscript 2 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 3 subscript 1 H plus superscript 1 superscript 1 H.
Option B
C
2 superscript 1 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 2 subscript 1 H plus superscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option C
D
2 superscript 2 subscript 1 upper H right arrow superscript 3 subscript 2 upper H e plus superscript 1 subscript 0 n.
Option D
7

An atom that has 84 protons and 86 neutrons undergoes a reaction. At the end of the reaction, it has 82 protons and 84 neutrons. What happened to the atom?

A
It accepted radiation in a chemical reaction.
B
It donated neutrons to another atom in a chemical reaction.
C
It emitted an alpha particle in a nuclear reaction.
D
It released a beta particle in a nuclear reaction.
8

How can a scientist assess whether a pure niobium (Nb) sample is responsible for contaminating the lab with radioactivity?

A
Test the niobium sample to see whether it now contains other elements.
B
Test the niobium sample for the presence of niobium oxide compounds.
C
Heat the niobium, and see if the level of radioactivity in the lab increases.
D
Place the niobium under pressure, and see if the level of radioactivity in the lab increases.
9

While a certain isotope decays, it emits photons. What kind of decay is happening?

A
alpha decay
B
beta decay
C
gamma decay
D
positron decay
10

What is the most penetrating kind of radiation product that can be shielded with aluminum foil?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
gamma rays
D
high-energy photons
11

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay. The new isotope that forms has an atomic number that is 2 less than the original isotope’s. Which kind of decay has occurred, and how do you know?

A
alpha decay because alpha particles have a large mass
B
beta decay because beta particles can have negative charge
C
alpha decay because alpha particles have two protons and two neutrons
D
gamma decay because gamma rays are photons
12

What can form as a result of a chemical reaction?

A
compounds
B
isotopes
C
alpha particles
D
beta particles
13

In alpha decay, alpha particles are ejected from the nucleus. Which equation represents alpha decay?

A
Superscript 241 subscript 95 upper A m right arrow superscript 237 subscript 93 upper N p plus superscript 4 subscript 2 upper H e.
Option A
B
Superscript 18 subscript 9 upper F right arrow superscript 18 subscript 8 upper O plus subscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 14 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 14 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y right arrow superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y plus y.
Option D
14

Which can have either a positive charge or a negative charge when they are released during radioactive decay?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
positrons
D
photons

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