AnswersCR03101 ChemistryUnit Test

Types of Radioactive Decay Answers

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Consider the table below that summarizes the types of materials that can block the 3 different types of radiation.Material123LeadStoppedStoppedStoppedClothNot stoppedStoppedStoppedAluminum foilNot stoppedStoppedStoppedWoodNot stoppedStoppedStoppedPaperNot stopped StoppedNot stoppedThick concreteStoppedStoppedStoppedBased on the table, at which numbered spot in the table does each type of radiation belong?

A
1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma
B
1 = alpha; 2 = beta, 3 = gamma
C
1 = beta; 2 = gamma, 3 = alpha
D
1 = gamma; 2 = alpha, 3 = beta
2
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An atom that has 84 protons and 86 neutrons undergoes a reaction. At the end of the reaction, it has 82 protons and 84 neutrons. What happened to the atom?

A
It accepted radiation in a chemical reaction.
B
It donated neutrons to another atom in a chemical reaction.
C
It emitted an alpha particle in a nuclear reaction.
D
It released a beta particle in a nuclear reaction.
3

What is a key difference between chemical and nuclear reactions?

A
In chemical reactions, new compounds are formed. In nuclear reactions, compounds are destroyed.
B
Chemical reactions involve electron rearrangements. Nuclear reactions involve changes to the nucleus.
C
Chemical reactions involve large changes in energy. Nuclear reactions absorb or release small amounts of energy.
D
In chemical reactions, only alpha radiation is emitted. In nuclear reactions, alpha, beta, and gamma decay may occur.
4

In alpha decay, alpha particles are ejected from the nucleus. Which equation represents alpha decay?

A
Superscript 241 subscript 95 upper A m right arrow superscript 237 subscript 93 upper N p plus superscript 4 subscript 2 upper H e.
Option A
B
Superscript 18 subscript 9 upper F right arrow superscript 18 subscript 8 upper O plus subscript 0 subscript 1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 14 subscript 6 upper C right arrow superscript 14 subscript 7 upper N plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y right arrow superscript 152 subscript 66 upper D y plus y.
Option D
5

What is the most penetrating kind of radiation product that can be shielded with aluminum foil?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
gamma rays
D
high-energy photons
6

A scientist notices that a lump of niobium is warm to the touch and wonders if nuclear reactions are taking place in the metal. How can she find out?

A
Measure the metal’s temperature.
B
Check for the presence of alpha, beta, and gamma particles.
C
Look for the presence of niobium compounds.
D
Place the niobium in a pressurized container, and see if the lump becomes warmer.
7

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has a –1 charge. What other characteristic does the radiation have?

A
some shielding required
B
no mass
C
large mass
D
high penetrating power
8

What type of particle has no mass or charge?

A
Alpha
B
Beta
C
Gamma
D
Proton
9

Two protons and two neutrons are released as a result of this reaction. Rn Po + ?Which particle is released?

Question illustration
A
one alpha particle
B
two beta particles
C
one alpha and one beta particle
D
one high-energy photon
10

Which can have either a positive charge or a negative charge when they are released during radioactive decay?

A
alpha particles
B
beta particles
C
positrons
D
photons

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