AnswersBiology VIA Fall 2026 Lstrangesdale.orgCharacteristics of Life

Characteristics of Life — Cumulative exam Answers

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How would the contractile vacuole of a freshwater amoeba respond if the organism was placed in seawater?

A
with more contractions
B
with fewer contractions
C
the contractions would suddenly cease
D
with the same frequency of contractions
2
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Which best describes the processes of mitosis and meiosis?

A
Cells in mitosis go through the PMAT stages twice to produce diploid cells while cells in meiosis go through PMAT stages once to produce haploid cells.
B
Cells in mitosis and meiosis go through the PMAT stages twice to produce haploid cells.
C
Cells in mitosis go through the PMAT stages once to produce diploid cells while cells in meiosis go through PMAT stages twice to produce haploid cells.
D
Cells in mitosis and meiosis go through the PMAT stages once to produce diploid cells.
3

In the study of cancer, researchers have used different types of cells, different environmental conditions, and different experimental designs. But, all researchers have arrived at the same conclusion. What does this say about the conclusion?

A
It is well supported.
B
It is weakly supported.
C
It is inconclusive.
D
It is refuted.
4

Which statement is one component of the cell theory?

A
All living and nonliving things consist of one or more cells.
B
Cells and living organisms are spontaneously created.
C
Cells are the most complex unit of structure and function in living things.
D
A cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all organisms.
5

The illustration below shows the steps of meiosis I. What is the step that is labeled D?

Question illustration
A
metaphase I
B
metaphase II
C
telophase II
D
telophase I
6

Which statement is factual?

A
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
B
Sexual reproduction allows for diploid gametes to combine to increase genetic variation.
C
Asexual reproduction leads to the formation of haploid gametes.
D
Sexual reproduction does not require the production of gametes.
7

Meiosis occurs in a series of different phases and creates genetically unique reproductive cells. Which process helps make meiotic cells genetically different and occurs during prophase I, but not during prophase II?

A
fertilization
B
independent assortment
C
crossing over
D
chromosome replication
8

Some single-celled organisms make copies of themselves through mitosis. Which describes the function of the cell cycle in such single-celled organisms?

A
reproduction
B
repair
C
growth
D
protection
9

Which best defines homeostasis?

A
modifying the external environment
B
maintaining a stable internal environment
C
controlling what enters and exits the cell
D
movement of materials into the cell
10

Which specialized cells are responsible for transmitting messages throughout the body?

A
neurons
B
epithelial cells
C
blood cells
D
muscle cells
11

How is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing used in forensic science?

A
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
B
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
C
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
D
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
12

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

A
rest prior to cell division
B
growth of cell and replication of DNA
C
dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane
D
division of cytoplasm
13

The endosymbiotic theory provides an explanation for the origin of chloroplasts. Which trait of chloroplasts supports this explanation?

A
Chloroplasts do not reproduce.
B
Chloroplasts rely on proteins that are made by the cell.
C
Chloroplasts are larger than prokaryotic cells.
D
Chloroplasts have their own DNA.
14

Imagine that a disorder that causes the cell cycle to stop affects the muscle cells of a frog’s leg. What consequence is most likely to follow?

A
The frog will immediately not be able to use the muscle.
B
An injury to the muscle will not heal.
C
The frog will not be able to reproduce.
D
A broken bone in that leg will not mend.
15

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
centriole
B
chromosome
C
centromere
D
spindle
16

Who first recognized the cell as the universal unit of life?

A
Virchow
B
van Leeuwenhoek
C
Hooke
D
Schleiden and Schwann
17

What is the end result of meiosis?

A
four identical daughter cells
B
four different daughter cells
C
two identical daughter cells
D
two different daughter cells
18

Which process produces clones?

A
asexual reproduction
B
sexual reproduction
C
chromosome duplication
D
gamete formation
19

Which process is similar to binary fission?

A
genetic variation
B
crossing over
C
meiosis
D
mitosis
20

The data in the table were recorded during an investigation in which a paramecium was placed in a hypertonic salt solution. If this data is shown in a bar graph, which description accurately represents the bars?

Question illustration
A
The graph has five bars of equal height.
B
The bars range from tallest for very high concentration to shortest for very low concentration.
C
The bar for very low concentration is twice the height of the bar for medium concentration.
D
The bar for very high concentration is five times the height of the bar for very low concentration.

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