Read the excerpt from Act II of Hamlet.Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindless villain! O! vengeance!

Hamlet directly addresses “vengeance” in the exclamation “O! vengeance!” Speaking directly to an absent person or an abstract idea is apostrophe. The passage is not a simile or metaphor because it does not make a comparison, and it does not give a nonhuman thing human qualities.

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