The five-number summary of a data set is given below.Minimum: 3 Q1: 12 Median: 15 Q3: 16 Maximum: 20Which of the following is a true statement about outliers for this distribution?

The interquartile range is Q3 − Q1 = 16 − 12 = 4. Using the 1.5 × IQR rule, the lower outlier fence is 12 − 1.5(4) = 6 and the upper fence is 16 + 1.5(4) = 22. The minimum, 3, is below the lower fence, so the distribution’s minimum is an outlier; the maximum, 20, is not.

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