AnswersCCS CR - Founding Principles of the US and NC Civic Literacy Fall 2026The Supreme Court and Civil Rights

The Supreme Court and Civil Rights — Unit test Answers

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1
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What is the difference between the establishment clause and the free-exercise clause?

A
The establishment clause stops the government from favoring a religion while the free exercise clause allows people to express their religion.
B
The establishment clause allows the government to favor a religion and the free exercise clause allows people to express their religion.
C
The establishment clause stops the government from favoring a religion and the free exercise clause stops people from expressing their religious beliefs.
D
The establishment clause allows the government to favor a religion and the free exercise clause stops people from being able to express their beliefs.
2
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Why was it decided to lower the voting age to 18 from 21?

A
Not enough people were showing up to vote in elections.
B
College students began to protest a lack of rights.
C
It was unusual that 18-year-olds could be drafted but could not vote.
D
Young people were the only group to not receive increased rights.
3

After Frank Palko was sentenced to death by the state of Connecticut, the Supreme Court ruled that

A
his conviction and execution should be upheld.
B
the case should be thrown out for lack of evidence.
C
his sentence should be reduced.
D
he was the victim of double jeopardy.
4

How did Regents v. Bakke change affirmative action policies?

A
It struck down the use of strict racial quotas.
B
It ruled race could not be factored into admissions.
C
It limited diversity and inequality in the workplace.
D
It changed the way applications could be written.
5

In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), the Supreme Court ruled that Gideon had been denied his rights because he had

A
hired an expensive lawyer he could not afford.
B
not been provided an attorney when he could not afford one.
C
paid bail he could not afford.
D
been questioned without having his Miranda warning read.
6

The Fifth Amendment protects the individual’s right

A
to make choices.
B
to act independently.
C
to obtain security.
D
to avoid self-incrimination.
7

Why would the right to privacy implied in the Ninth Amendment not protect an individual writing a blog?

A
The information is freely given to others.
B
The writer may express dangerous ideas.
C
The information may be unreliable or untruthful.
D
The writer may be hiding behind a false identity.
8

Which of these is a substantive right protected by the Bill of Rights?

A
freedom of religion
B
the right to a jury trial
C
the right to counsel
D
freedom of education
9

What was the important precedent set by the Gitlow v. New York case?

A
The equal protection clause was dropped from the Fourteenth Amendment.
B
The due process clause was dropped from the Fourteenth Amendment.
C
First Amendment freedoms were incorporated into the Fourteenth Amendment.
D
Fourteenth Amendment rights were incorporated into the Fifteenth Amendment.
10

In a trial, who hears evidence and offers a verdict?

A
juries
B
witnesses
C
police
D
counsel
11

To become a citizen of the United States, a person must

A
have been born in the United States.
B
have been born or naturalized in the United States.
C
have learned to speak English.
D
have cousins who are citizens of the United States.
12

For most of the 1900s, the legal voting age was

A
16
B
18
C
21
D
24
13

Protections are guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment to ensure that

A
police officers have more rights than suspected criminals.
B
the police do not become powerful at the expense of citizens’ rights.
C
judges can work with the police to keep suspected criminals in jail.
D
citizens do not become more powerful than the police.
14

Which right does the First Amendment protect?

A
right to due process
B
right to trial by jury
C
right to bear arms
D
right to assemble
15

In Brown v. Board of Education, who instigated the lawsuit?

A
The students
B
The teachers
C
The parents
D
The schools

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