AnswersHVA 26-27 IM Biology AMeiosis

Meiosis — Unit test Answers

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1
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Fewer offspring is a disadvantage of which form of reproduction?

A
mitosis
B
asexual reproduction
C
binary fission
D
sexual reproduction
2
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Which statement best distinguishes the light-dependent (L-D) reactions from the light-independent (L-IND) reactions?

A
The L-D reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane, and the L-IND reactions occur in the stroma.
B
The L-D reactions occur in the cytoplasm, and the L-IND reactions occur in the chloroplast.
C
The L-D reactions occur in the chloroplast, and the L-IND reactions occur in the mitochondria.
D
The L-D reactions occur in the stroma, and the L-IND reactions occur in the cytoplasm.
3

Tissue cultures (samples of cancer cells) are taken from cancer patients, and the cells are then grown in a laboratory. What is the purpose of growing cancer cells in a laboratory?

A
to test medicinal treatments before giving them to patients
B
to replace cancer cells with healthy cells
C
to provide evidence of cancer cells in the patient
D
to stop the cancer from growing in the patient
4

Which term identifies a light-absorbing pigment?

A
photosystem
B
ferredoxin
C
thylakoid
D
chlorophyll
5

Which statement best describes the process of chemiosmosis and the direct result of its occurrence?

A
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
B
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ATP is converted to ADP.
C
Hydrogen ions flow from the stroma down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the thylakoid. ADP is converted to ATP.
D
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid against a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
6

Which is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration?

A
NADH
B
FADH2
C
oxygen
D
carbon dioxide
7

Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is most likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

A
the gene that controls the production of stem cells
B
the gene that controls the production of skin cells
C
the gene that controls the production of red blood cells
D
the gene that controls the production of white blood cells
8

A species of mud snail was studied for five years. During this time, scientists observed the season in which they mated, the number of offspring they produced, and the results of such stressors as drought, famine, and lack of mates. Which question were the scientists most likely studying?

A
What is the food source most often chosen by the mud snail?
B
Are the reproductive rates of mud snails affected by environmental changes?
C
Are mud snails more likely to choose mates with colorful shells?
D
Do mud snails prefer to live in water or near a water source?
9

What do all cellular activities in living organisms use as a source of energy?

A
ATP
B
lactic acid
C
pyruvic acid
D
carbon dioxide
10

Which statement best summarizes the importance of meiosis to reproduction?

A
It produces diploid cells that are needed for sexual reproduction.
B
It produces diploid cells that are needed for asexual reproduction.
C
It produces gametes that are needed for sexual reproduction.
D
It produces gametes that are needed for asexual reproduction.
11

Which statement best describes the overall change that occurs as a result of mitosis?

A
One cell becomes two cells that have identical copies of DNA.
B
One cell becomes two cells that have different copies of DNA.
C
Two cells become two cells that have identical copies of DNA.
D
Two cells become two cells that have different copies of DNA.
12

Which of the following is an inference?

A
A burning candle is extinguished when it is covered with a jar.
B
The candle burns longer than expected in a jar that has a plant in it.
C
A plant lives longer than expected in a jar that has a burning candle.
D
There is more oxygen in the jar because there is a plant in it.
13

Which statement describes thylakoids?

A
Glucose is formed here.
B
Water molecules are formed here.
C
Only photosystem II functions here.
D
Photosystems I and II function here.
14

Rapid reproduction is an advantage of which process?

A
gamete formation
B
sexual reproduction
C
asexual reproduction
D
chromosome duplication
15

How does ATP supply energy for cellular activities?

A
by breaking off a phosphate group from its structure
B
by releasing the sugar molecule from its structure
C
by adding a phosphate group to its structure
D
by attaching itself to a glucose molecule
16

What is carbon fixation, and how does it relate to photosynthesis?

A
It is the absorption of CO2 from the air, and it occurs during the light-dependent reactions.
B
It is the reduction of CO2, and it occurs during the Calvin cycle.
C
It is the conversion of CO2 into organic compounds, and it forms 3-PGA.
D
It is the production of CO2 during regeneration, and it forms RuBP.
17

Which series of diagrams correctly represents the order of mitosis?

A
The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 3, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 4, the cell is divided.
Option A
B
The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the cell is divided. In step 3, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 4, the chromosomes line up at the center.
Option B
C
The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the cell is divided. In step 3, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 4, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
Option C
D
The steps of mitosis are shown. In step 1, the cell starts to break down structures. In step 2, the chromatids separate from each other and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In step 3, the chromosomes line up at the center. In step 4, the cell is divided.
Option D
18

Which best illustrates the result of the process of meiosis?

A
A pea plant has the same flower color as its parent plants.
B
A daughter looks different from both her mother and her father.
C
A cheetah cub has very similar fur to its mother.
D
A Labrador puppy looks exactly like its father.
19

Why is the Calvin cycle considered a dark reaction?

A
It occurs only at night.
B
It requires an absence of light.
C
It turns the plant dark green.
D
It can proceed in the dark.
20

Which best describes embryonic stem cells?

A
They are capable of self-renewal only.
B
They are capable of differentiation only.
C
They are capable of self-renewal and limited differentiation.
D
They are capable of self-renewal and unlimited differentiation.

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