Science and Society — Unit test Answers

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1
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Read the passage about the fluoridation of drinking water.Since the early 1960s, fluoride has been added to many sources of drinking water to prevent cavities in teeth. This is called fluoridation. There are some who say that this is unnecessary and increases the risk of cancer.In 1993, the Subcommittee on Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride of the National Research Council, part of the National Academy of Sciences, conducted an extensive study about the link between fluoridated drinking water and increased cancer risk. The study included data from more than 50 human disease studies and six animal studies. The Subcommittee concluded that none of the data showed a link between fluoridated drinking water and cancer. A 1999 report by the CDC supported these findings. The CDC report concluded that studies so far have produced "no credible evidence” of a link between fluoridated drinking water and an increased risk for cancer.

A
There is no link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans.
B
There is a possible link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans.
C
There is a definite link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in humans and animals.
D
There is a possible link between fluoride exposure and increased cancer risk in animals.
2
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Which statement describes the relationship between science and society?

A
Science is rarely influenced by the needs of society.
B
Science and society are independent.
C
Science and society have different goals.
D
Scientists find new ways to address societal concerns.
3

Wanda and Marita are drinking bottles of water. Each girl sounds a different musical note by blowing across the top of her bottle.What is a good hypothesis that could lead to new experimentation?

A
It is more fun to play musical notes with carbonated water than with normal spring water.
B
If the lid on a bottle is tightly closed, then blowing across the top of the bottle will not make a musical note.
C
Blowing across the top of a bottle can make a musical note.
D
If there is less water in the bottle, then the note played is lower because there is more air to move around.
4

Advancements in which field have increased the ability to store increasing amounts of data on electronic devices?

A
social skills
B
driving skills
C
technology
D
biology
5

The list shows the results of six athletes competing in the long jump, which has a target distance of 20 feet.12 feet, 11 feet, 13 feet, 10 feet, 20 feet, 12 feet

A
fairly accurate but not precise
B
fairly precise but not accurate
C
not precise and not accurate
D
fairly precise and fairly accurate
6

Why is it important to have a control group in an experimental investigation?

A
to show what happens when the dependent variable is not changed
B
to see how the dependent variable changes the independent variable
C
to compare the results when the independent variable is not involved
D
to allow the researchers to change the dependent variable as they wish
7

Which tool can be used to measure the volume of liquid?

A
an electronic balance
B
a meniscus
C
a caliper
D
a beaker
8

Which regulating agency was put in place due to scientific information that showed the dangers of air pollution?

A
the FCC
B
the UNEP
C
the USDA
D
the EPA
9

Which describes the correct procedure when converting a number from scientific notation to standard notation?

A
If the power of 10 is positive, move the decimal point to the left.
B
If the power of 10 is positive, move the decimal point to the right.
C
If the number being converted is greater than 10, move the decimal point to the left.
D
If the number being converted is greater than 10, move the decimal point to the right.
10

Which model is most likely used to predict a future event?

A
a model of a cell
B
a model of Mars
C
a model of weather systems
D
a model of prosthetic limbs
11

Which is the SI symbol for volume?

A
m
B
g
C
L
D
K
12

Students are studying the changing concentration of carbon dioxide levels in different substances. They insert sensors into each substance and allow a device to graph the results.What are the students most likely using?

A
thermometers
B
microscopes
C
probeware
D
silverware
13

Which instrument is best suited for measuring the dimensions of a shoebox?

A
a triple-beam balance
B
a volumetric flask
C
a ruler
D
a caliper
14

What information most likely lead to some states banning the use of cell phones while driving?

A
studies showing that people frequently use cell phones
B
studies showing that accidents have increased
C
studies showing that people prefer to talk while driving to save time
D
studies showing that accidents have occurred before cell phone use
15

What is 0.000345 expressed in scientific notation?

A
3.45 × 102
B
3.45 × 104
C
3.45 × 10–2
D
3.45 × 10–4

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