In the early 1900s, after the Bolsheviks began to rule Russia,

After the Bolsheviks seized power in 1917, opponents including the White Army fought them in a civil war that lasted from 1918 to 1921—about three years. The tsar and his family were executed in Russia, the White Army opposed the Bolsheviks, and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed by the Bolsheviks to end Russia’s involvement in World War I.

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