Urbanization in America — Unit test

Question 22 • TX-US History Studies Since 1877 A

How did John D. Rockefeller horizontally integrate his monopoly in 1882?

Answer

He created a trust that controlled ninety percent of the nation's oil refineries.

He created a trust that controlled oil wells, refineries, and distribution networks.

He purchased coal plants around the country to add to his business.

He purchased iron mines around the country to add to his business.

Explanation

Horizontal integration means gaining control of businesses that operate at the same stage of production. Rockefeller’s trust brought together oil refineries and controlled about 90 percent of the nation’s refining capacity, so choice A describes horizontal integration. Choice B instead includes wells and distribution, which are different stages of the oil business.

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Urbanization in America