AnswersPMHS Biology I Q2Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction — Unit test Answers

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The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here:6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2What information is not given in this equation.

Question illustration
A
It does not show if the reaction is reversible
B
It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction
C
It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
D
It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.
2
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Which statement explains how ATP and its phosphate groups are related to the energy that is used in plant processes?

A
ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.
B
ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.
C
ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP; this process instantly releases energy for making sugars.
D
ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP; this process results from sugar production.
3

After Frida stops exercising, she continues to breathe heavily. What is most likely occurring in her body?

A
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced an oxygen surplus in her muscles. This oxygen is being transported to her lungs. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
B
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced a carbon dioxide surplus in her muscles. Lactate is being transported to her liver. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
C
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in carbon dioxide debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
D
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in oxygen debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
4

What is the end result of meiosis?

A
four identical daughter cells
B
four different daughter cells
C
two identical daughter cells
D
two different daughter cells
5

Which component of Earth’s atmosphere is decreased due to photosynthesis?

A
ozone
B
oxygen
C
hydrogen peroxide
D
carbon dioxide
6

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

A
accumulation of lactic acid
B
accumulation of oxygen
C
depletion of ethanol
D
depletion of carbon dioxide
7

Which correctly describes crossing over?

A
the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material
B
the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
C
the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
D
the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate
8

Which process produces clones?

A
asexual reproduction
B
sexual reproduction
C
chromosome duplication
D
gamete formation
9

Imagine that a disorder that causes the cell cycle to stop affects the muscle cells of a frog’s leg. What consequence is most likely to follow?

A
The frog will immediately not be able to use the muscle.
B
An injury to the muscle will not heal.
C
The frog will not be able to reproduce.
D
A broken bone in that leg will not mend.
10

What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?

A
It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.
B
It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.
C
It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
D
It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.
11

Which organism would be the best subject for a study of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A
a green plant
B
a chemosynthetic bacterium
C
an animal that eats plants
D
an animal that eats animals
12

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

A
rest prior to cell division
B
growth of cell and replication of DNA
C
dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane
D
division of cytoplasm
13

Some single-celled organisms make copies of themselves through mitosis. Which describes the function of the cell cycle in such single-celled organisms?

A
reproduction
B
repair
C
growth
D
protection
14

The diagram shows a phase of mitosis.Which does the letter A represent in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
centriole
B
chromosome
C
centromere
D
spindle
15

Each year, about 1.2 million cases of skin cancer are reported worldwide. An increased exposure to environmental conditions is a major link to the increase in cases. Based on this information, which is the best conclusion?

A
Limiting exposure to the sun may reduce the chance of skin cancer.
B
Limiting exposure to the sun may increase the chance of skin cancer.
C
Increasing exposure to the sun may reduce the chance of skin cancer.
D
Increasing exposure to the sun will not affect the chance of skin cancer.
16

The graphic below shows how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related.Which label in the graphic represents the energy that is released from glucose by cellular respiration?

Question illustration
A
Oxygen
B
Glucose
C
Energy stored as ATP
D
Carbon dioxide and water
17

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

A
Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.
B
Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.
C
More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
D
More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
18

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

A
grow into giant super cells.
B
undergo meiosis.
C
become cancer cells.
D
produce two identical cells.
19

A scientist hypothesized that oxygen atoms from both carbon dioxide and water are used to make glucose during photosynthesis. However, experimental results using oxygen isotopes showed that all of the oxygen from the water ended up in the oxygen molecules that were produced. None of the oxygen from water was found in glucose. What should the scientist do to best gain scientific understanding of this topic?

A
Analyze the results, and change the experimental methods to retest the hypotheses in a different way.
B
Discard the faulty results that do not support the original hypothesis, and repeat the experiment using the same methods.
C
Analyze the procedural errors that took place in the experiment, and summarize these in a conclusion statement.
D
Repeat the experiment and adjust new data to support the original hypothesis.
20

Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. She found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. What other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air?

A
ozone (O3)
B
hydrogen (H2)
C
water vapor (H2O)
D
sulfur dioxide (SO2)

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