AnswersFirst Semester BiologyAnimal and Plant Cells

Animal and Plant Cells — Unit test Answers

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Consider this animal cell.Which organelles are labeled G?

Question illustration
A
centrioles
B
lysosomes
C
ribosomes
D
mitochondria
2
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Which best defines homeostasis?

A
modifying the external environment
B
maintaining a stable internal environment
C
controlling what enters and exits the cell
D
movement of materials into the cell
3

Which organelle breaks down sugar molecules that supply energy to the cell?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
nucleus
C
endoplasmic reticulum
D
mitochondrion
4

How is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing used in forensic science?

A
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
B
A suspect’s mtDNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
C
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of nuclear DNA that was found at a crime scene.
D
A suspect’s nuclear DNA sample is matched to an unknown sample of mtDNA that was found at a crime scene.
5

Consider this animal cell.Which organelles are labeled D, and what is one feature that distinguishes them from the other labeled organelles?

Question illustration
A
chloroplasts; the only organelles that produce sugars from sunlight
B
ribosomes; only found in animal and bacterial cells
C
centrioles; found in animal cells but not plant cells
D
mitochondria; the only energy-generating structures found in cells
6

Which structure is found in the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell, but is not found in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

A
DNA
B
ribosomes
C
nucleus
D
mitochondria
7

A scientist is comparing the outer layer of an onion cell to the outer layer of a human skin cell. What is unique about the outer layer of the onion cell compared to the skin cell?

A
It contains proteins.
B
It contains cellulose.
C
It contains carbohydrates.
D
It is selectively permeable.
8

The role of the cell membrane is most like the job of which person?

A
a firefighter who evacuates people from a burning building
B
a police officer who allows select people to enter and leave a crime scene
C
a bus driver who drives the express route from the suburb to downtown
D
a teacher who keeps students in the classroom during an exam
9

The data in the table were recorded during an investigation in which a paramecium was placed in a hypertonic salt solution. If this data is shown in a bar graph, which description accurately represents the bars?

Question illustration
A
The graph has five bars of equal height.
B
The bars range from tallest for very high concentration to shortest for very low concentration.
C
The bar for very low concentration is twice the height of the bar for medium concentration.
D
The bar for very high concentration is five times the height of the bar for very low concentration.
10

Which organelle makes the proteins that are needed by the cell?

A
cell membrane
B
Golgi apparatus
C
ribosomes
D
nucleus
11

The endosymbiotic theory provides an explanation for the origin of chloroplasts. Which trait of chloroplasts supports this explanation?

A
Chloroplasts do not reproduce.
B
Chloroplasts rely on proteins that are made by the cell.
C
Chloroplasts are larger than prokaryotic cells.
D
Chloroplasts have their own DNA.
12

The table lists some organelles and functions. Only one pair is correctly matched.Functions of OrganellesOrganelleFunctionChloroplastStores water and waste materialsCell wallSupports cell membrane, maintains cell shape, and protects cellCell membraneBreaks down waste materials and debrisVacuoleProduces proteins for the cellWhich organelle in the table is correctly matched with its function?

A
chloroplast
B
cell wall
C
cell membrane
D
vacuole
13

Suppose that a patient is diagnosed with a new disease caused by the buildup of waste material in the body’s cells. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning in the patient’s cells?

A
Golgi apparatus
B
lysosome
C
ribosome
D
endoplasmic reticulum
14

How would the contractile vacuole of a freshwater amoeba respond if the organism was placed in seawater?

A
with more contractions
B
with fewer contractions
C
the contractions would suddenly cease
D
with the same frequency of contractions
15

A scientist discovers a cell that has chloroplasts, cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane. Which statement best describes how the cell could be classified?

A
The cell is prokaryotic because it has DNA.
B
The cell is prokaryotic because it has cytoplasm.
C
The cell is eukaryotic because it has a cell membrane.
D
The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts.
16

Which statement does not support the endosymbiotic theory?

A
Mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce independently from the cell.
B
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes.
C
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA that resembles bacterial DNA.
D
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are much larger than prokaryotic cells.
17

A chemical has been found to harm the same components in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which components are those?

A
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
B
DNA, cell membrane, ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles
C
DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and nucleus
D
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and membrane-bound organelles
18

For diffusion to occur, which condition must be met?

A
A concentration gradient must exist.
B
A hypotonic external environment must exist.
C
A hypertonic external environment must exist.
D
Dynamic equilibrium must exist.
19

Which organelle captures the energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy, and in which cells could it be found?

A
the Golgi apparatus, which can be found in lung cells of animals
B
lysosomes, which can be found in all cells of grasses
C
ribosomes, which can be found in muscle cells of humans
D
chloroplasts, which can be found in leaf cells of trees
20

Which best describes dynamic equilibrium?

A
There is a difference in concentration on either side of the cell membrane.
B
There is an uneven distribution of particles inside and outside the cell.
C
Particles are moving into and out of the cell, but their concentrations remain stable.
D
A concentration gradient is forcing water out of the cell and particles into the cell.

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