Models of Earth — Unit test Answers

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1
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When were Earth’s landmasses first recognizable as the continents we know today?

A
10 million years ago
B
135 million years ago
C
180 million years ago
D
300 million years ago
2
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The image shows a world map.

Question illustration
A
Arctic
B
Atlantic
C
Indian
D
Pacific
3

Study the diagram showing the range of temperature in the Earth’s layers.

Question illustration
A
1,613°C
B
2,521°C
C
3,628°C
D
6,217°C
4

The image shows a world map.

Question illustration
A
only near 0° latitude
B
on the prime meridian
C
only south of the equator
D
in both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
5

How did Wegener explain why fossils of land animals were found on continents that are across oceans from one another?

A
Animals evolved separately on each continent.
B
Land bridges existed between the continents.
C
Animals swam across the ocean to new continents.
D
Continents were once one landmass and have drifted apart.
6

Which phrase best defines a mountain range?

A
a landform with an individual peak
B
a landform with multiple mountain ranges
C
a landform with multiple mountain systems
D
a landform with multiple peaks in the same area
7

In which layer of the Earth does the motion of the convection currents drive plate movement?

A
mantle
B
outer core
C
inner core
D
lithosphere
8

Which correctly lists three features that are parts of the topography of an area?

A
elevation, people, and relief
B
landforms, elevation, and weather
C
people, landforms, and relief
D
relief, elevation, and landforms
9

What may occur when convergent boundaries interact?

A
formation of island chains
B
creation of mid-ocean ridges
C
creation of convection currents
D
formation of rift valleys
10

Which feature of Earth is created at mid-ocean ridges?

A
new island chain
B
new underwater caves
C
new continents
D
new ocean floor
11

Which is one piece of evidence of seafloor spreading?

A
fossil material
B
continent material
C
drilled core samples
D
ocean water samples
12

The image below shows a fault.

Question illustration
A
The hanging wall and footwall both move vertically.
B
Shearing is causing the plates to slide past each other.
C
The hanging wall moves down in relation to the footwall.
D
Compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
13

Which type of stress causes rocks to fold?

A
compression
B
shearing
C
strike-slip
D
tension
14

How do geologists study direct evidence of Earth’s interior?

A
by collecting drill core samples of Earth’s crust
B
by measuring seismic wave activity
C
by analyzing how living things survive
D
by recording changes in climate patterns
15

Which statement describes one of Wegener’s ideas that contributed to the theory of continental drift?

A
The continents drifted apart due to repeated meteor impacts.
B
The continents were once connected as one landmass.
C
The continents have moved apart very quickly due to earthquakes.
D
The continents are magnetically pulled toward or pushed away from one another.
16

Which statement describes one event that happens at deep-ocean trenches?

A
Crust is formed.
B
Mountains are formed.
C
Seafloor spreading occurs.
D
Denser plates slide under lighter plates.
17

The image shows a projection map.

Question illustration
A
flat model, Mercator projection
B
flat model, conic projection
C
highly distorted model, Mercator projection
D
highly distorted model, conic projection
18

Which landform has both high elevation and high relief?

A
hill
B
mountain
C
plains
D
plateau
19

Sophia was studying with Maalik about the layers of the Earth. They were given several different statements about the layers.Which statement about the layers would they identify as correct?

A
The outer core is less than 70 km in thickness.
B
The crust assists in forming Earth’s magnetic field.
C
The mantle is denser than the crust.
D
Pressure increases when moving from the core to the crust.
20

The image shows a map of Easter Island, located in the Pacific Ocean.Which major feature is missing from the map?

Question illustration
A
key
B
scale
C
land features
D
compass rose

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