Answers26-27 Biology AUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Why do phospholipids form a bilayer in water?

A
The phosphate portions repel each other.
B
The hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts attract each other.
C
The phosphate portions attract water, and the lipid portions repel water.
D
The lipid portions attract water, and the phosphate portions repel water.
2
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Which is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

A
a five-carbon sugar
B
an amino group
C
an amino acid
D
a water molecule
3

What would most likely happen to a person who is not getting enough essential amino acids in his or her diet?

A
The body would synthesize the amino acids.
B
Muscle growth and repair would be limited.
C
Stored protein would break down.
D
The formation of proteins would increase.
4

What is the general term for any carbohydrate monomer?

A
glucose
B
polysaccharide
C
monosaccharide
D
fructose
5

Which carbohydrate can be used by the body as an immediate source of energy?

A
glucose
B
cellulose
C
chitin
D
glycogen
6

A scientist is examining the role of an element found in fats and carbohydrates of living things. This element makes up 65% of human body mass. Which statement describes the element he is studying?

A
He is studying oxygen, which can also be found in proteins.
B
He is studying oxygen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
C
He is studying nitrogen, which can also be found in proteins.
D
He is studying nitrogen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
7

Which element is found in both DNA and protein?

A
sulfur
B
sodium
C
nitrogen
D
chlorine
8

The table shows the energy that is stored in three types of organic molecules.Energy Storage in HumansWhat is the best conclusion based on this data?

Question illustration
A
Blood is a primary location for energy storage.
B
Fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars.
C
A gram of glycogen has twice as much energy as a gram of fat.
D
The human body stores approximately 1,000 kcal of glucose.
9

The heart is an example of which level of organization within an organism?

A
cell
B
organ
C
tissue
D
organ system
10

Organisms may contain up to five levels of organization within their bodies. Which level of organization is best represented by the liver?

A
tissue
B
organ
C
organism
D
organ system
11

After school, Kai feels hungry and tired. He finds some sugar cookies in the cabinet and finishes the whole package. Which statements best describe the role of glucagon and insulin in this scenario?

A
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Insulin was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
B
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Glucagon was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
C
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, insulin from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
D
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, glucagon from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
12

The diagram shows a type of lipid.Which type of lipid is shown?

Question illustration
A
a saturated phospholipid
B
a saturated triglyceride
C
an unsaturated phospholipid
D
an unsaturated triglyceride
13

A scientist is conducting an investigation that involves water, silver, carbon dioxide, and oxygen gas. Which group of statements best describe all of the materials he is using in the investigation?

A
They are each compounds. Each of the compounds is made of atoms. All of the atoms are made of matter.
B
They are each made of matter. Some are compounds and some are elements. They all contain atoms.
C
They are all elements. Some contain molecules of the same type of atom. Some contain different types of atoms.
D
They are each made of matter. Some are compounds made of one type of element. Some are pure atoms.
14

Organisms contain different levels of organization within their bodies. Arachnoidiscus ehrenbergi, pictured below, is a single-celled organism that is part of the group of algae known as diatoms. Photo by Gordon T. Taylor, courtesy of the NOAAWhich level of organization is seen in both Arachnoidiscus ehrenbergi and the human stomach?

Question illustration
A
cell
B
tissue
C
organ
D
organ system
15

Which type of molecule that can be found in living things lacks carbon atoms?

A
protein
B
carbohydrate
C
fat
D
water
16

What is a difference between starch and glycogen?

A
Starch stores energy, and glycogen provides structural support.
B
Starch is found in plants, and glycogen is found in animals.
C
Starch is composed of fructose, and glycogen is composed of glucose.
D
Starch is a monomer, and glycogen is a polymer.
17

What would most likely happen if a person increased the amount of saturated fat in his or her diet?

A
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would increase.
B
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would decrease.
C
The person's bad cholesterol would decrease.
D
The person’s good cholesterol would increase.
18

Which type of protein will fight disease?

A
insulin
B
antibodies
C
ligaments
D
genes
19

What would most likely happen if an error occurred when RNA was receiving coding information?

A
Proteins would be formed incorrectly.
B
DNA would form incorrectly.
C
RNA could not form a correct blueprint.
D
The incorrect amino acid would form.
20

Responding to the environment is a characteristic of life best shown by which example?

A
a human shivers on a cold day
B
a horse trots in a field
C
a dog swims in a pond
D
a cat licks its paws

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