AnswersHSPHY Physics Sem 1 26-27Lab: Conservation of Linear Momentum

Lab: Conservation of Linear Momentum — Unit test Answers

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The free-body diagrams of four objects are shown.

Question illustration
A
W
B
X
C
Y
D
Z
3
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Which object is in static equilibrium?

A
a rolling ball that has a net force acting on it
B
a cruising car that has no net force acting on it
C
a book that has no net force acting on it and is sitting on a table
D
a vase that has a net force acting on it and is sitting on a shelf
4

Which best describes the forces identified by Newton’s third law of motion?

A
equal and acting on different objects
B
equal and acting on the same object
C
unequal and acting on different objects
D
unequal and acting on the same object
5

Which cars have the same magnitude of momentum? Check all that apply.

A
car 1
B
car 2
C
car 3
D
car 4
E
car 5
6

Which is an action/reaction force pair? Check all that apply.

A
Earth pulls on a book, and the book pushes against a shelf.
B
A hockey stick hits a puck, and the puck pushes against the stick.
C
A pencil pushes against a piece of paper, and the paper pushes against the desk.
D
A finger pulls on a rubber band, and the rubber band pushes against the finger.
E
A dog pulls on a leash, and the owner pulls back on the leash.
7

A rocket experiences a constant force even as the amount of fuel in its fuel tanks decreases. What happens to the acceleration of the rocket as it runs out of fuel?

A
The acceleration decreases because the mass increases.
B
The acceleration increases because the mass increases.
C
The acceleration decreases because the mass decreases.
D
The acceleration increases because the mass decreases.
8

Two blocks are initially at rest with a compressed spring between them. When the spring is released, the 2m block moves to the left and the m block moves to the right. This represents an inelastic collision in a closed system.

Question illustration
A
The total energy is zero.
B
The total momentum is zero.
C
The momentum of the m block is zero.
D
The momentum of the 2m block is zero.
9

Juanita studies several free-body diagrams in which a normal force is shown. What is always true about a normal force in a free-body diagram?

A
It is opposite the weight.
B
It is perpendicular to a surface.
C
It is opposite the net force.
D
It is parallel to a surface.
10

A bowling ball has an initial momentum of +30 kg m/s and hits a stationary bowling pin. After the collision, the bowling ball leaves with a momentum of +13 kg • m/s.

A
0 kg • m/s
B
11 kg • m/s
C
17 kg • m/s
D
43 kg • m/s
11

Devon has several toy car bodies and motors. The motors have the same mass, but they provide different amounts of force, as shown in this table.The bodies have the masses shown in this table.

Question illustration
A
motor 1, with body 1
B
motor 1, with body 2
C
motor 2, with body 1
D
motor 2, with body 2
12

Two identical carts travel at the same speed toward each other, and then a collision occurs. The graphs show the momentum of each cart as a function of time, both before and after the collision.Which graph shows a perfectly inelastic collision?

A
There is a graph with time in seconds on the x axis and the y axis is labeled P in kilogram meters per second. There is a red horizontal line that drops down below the x axis and is the farther away from the x axis and a horizontal line. A blue line is the mirror image starting below the x axis and ending above the x axis. The red line is labeled car A and a blue line labeled car B. At the point both graphs cross the x axis is labeled collision.
Option A
B
A graph with momentum on the y axis measured in kilogram meters per second and time on the x axis measured in seconds. There are no values on the axes. There are two curves on the graph. The first starts above the x axis and is horizontal before curving downward to the x axis labeled 2 m cart. The second curve starts below the axis, the same distance below as the first one was above, and is horizontal before curving upward toward the x axis at the same time and labeled m cart. Where they meet is labeled Collision. Both curves meet at the x axis at the same time and are both on the x axis for a time period labeled Combined carts.
Option B
C
A graph with momentum on the y axis measured in kilogram meters per second and time on the x axis measured in seconds. There are no values on the axes. There are two curves on the graph the first starts above the x axis and is horizontal before curving downward toward the x axis labeled 2 m cart. The second curve starts below the axis, a smaller distance below as the first one was above, and is horizontal before curving upward toward and crosses the x axis and is labeled m cart. Where they meet is labeled Collision. Both curves meet above the axis at the same time and both go horizontal above the x axis for a time period labeled Combined carts.
Option C
D
There is a graph with time in seconds on the x axis and the y axis is labeled P in kilogram meters per second. There is a red horizontal line that drops down below the x axis and is then farther away from the x axis and a horizontal line. A blue line is the mirror image starting below the x axis and ending above the x axis. The red line is labeled car A and a blue line labeled car B. At the point both graphs cross the x axis is labeled collision.
Option D
13

An object with a mass of 1.5 kg changes its velocity from +15 m/s to +22 m/s during a time interval of 3.5 seconds. What impulse was delivered to the object?

A
3.0 N • s
B
11 N • s
C
25 N • s
D
56 N • s
14

Which formulas show the relationships between momentum, mass, and velocity? Check all that apply.

Question illustration
A
p = mv
B
p =
Option B
C
p =
Option C
D
m =
Option D
E
p =
Option E
F
v =
Option F
G
v =
Option G
15

[BLANK]

A
2.2
B
4.4
C
8.8
D
13
16

A girl is standing still in the middle of a baseball field. The girl catches the baseball and begins to move in the same direction as the thrown ball.

A
inelastic, since the girl moves in the same direction as the thrown ball
B
inelastic, since the girl moves in the opposite direction of the thrown ball
C
elastic, since the girl moves in the same direction as the thrown ball
D
elastic, since the girl moves in the opposite direction of the thrown ball
17

A 0.25 kg baseball is in contact with a bat for 0.0075 s and exerts a force of 18,500 N. What impulse is delivered to the ball?

A
33 kg •
Option A
B
140 kg •
Option B
C
4600 kg •
Option C
D
74,000 kg •
Option D
18

What type of relationship exists between momentum and mass?

A
direct
B
inverse
C
logarithmic
D
quadratic
19

Tracy stands on a skateboard and tosses her backpack to her friend who is standing in front of her. Which best describes the acceleration Tracy experiences?

A
It is less than the acceleration of the backpack because she has a greater mass.
B
It is greater than the acceleration of the backpack because she has a greater mass.
C
It is less than the acceleration of the backpack because she uses a smaller force.
D
It is greater than the acceleration of the backpack because she uses a larger force.
20

Keisha writes that if an object has any external forces acting on it, then the object can be in dynamic equilibrium but not static equilibrium.Which statement best describes Keisha’s error?

A
An object that is not moving is always in static equilibrium.
B
An object that is moving must be in dynamic equilibrium.
C
An object in either state of equilibrium must have no forces acting on it.
D
An object in either state of equilibrium must have no net force acting on it.
21

A boy and his skateboard have a combined mass of 65 kg. What is the speed of the boy and skateboard if they have a momentum of 275 kg • ?

Question illustration
A
0 m/s
B
0.24 m/s
C
4.2 m/s
D
8.5 m/s

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