Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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How did Wegener explain why fossils of land animals were found on continents that are across oceans from one another?

A
Animals evolved separately on each continent.
B
Land bridges existed between the continents.
C
Animals swam across the ocean to new continents.
D
Continents were once one landmass and have drifted apart.
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In which layer of the Earth does the motion of the convection currents drive plate movement?

A
mantle
B
outer core
C
inner core
D
lithosphere
3

Which indicates how evidence of climate change supports the theory of continental drift?

A
coal fields in several continents
B
volcano formation
C
glacial evidence found in South Africa
D
folded mountains in Africa and South America
4

Which is one effect that would most likely result from a tsunami?

A
death
B
drought
C
extinction
D
genetic change
5

Which is one piece of evidence of seafloor spreading?

A
fossil material
B
continent material
C
drilled core samples
D
ocean water samples
6

The image shows mountains in Alaska.

Question illustration
A
A syncline is visible.
B
An anticline is visible.
C
These mountains show no evidence of folding.
D
These mountains likely formed from normal faults.
7

What may occur when convergent boundaries interact?

A
formation of island chains
B
creation of mid-ocean ridges
C
creation of convection currents
D
formation of rift valleys
8

Which environmental change is considered short term?

A
forest fire
B
ice age
C
mountain building
D
solar energy changes
9

Which statement describes one event that happens at deep-ocean trenches?

A
Crust is formed.
B
Mountains are formed.
C
Seafloor spreading occurs.
D
Denser plates slide under lighter plates.
10

Which is one type of evidence that geologists usually study?

A
location of Earth in outer space
B
waves that move through Earth
C
interactions between living things on Earth
D
diversity of life found on Earth
11

This image shows a volcanic eruption in Hawaii with lava flowing into the sea.

Question illustration
A
Its magma is high in silica.
B
Its magma has low viscosity.
C
Its gases are released in rapid bursts.
D
Its lava came from an explosive eruption.
12

Sophia was studying with Maalik about the layers of the Earth. They were given several different statements about the layers.Which statement about the layers would they identify as correct?

A
The outer core is less than 70 km in thickness.
B
The crust assists in forming Earth’s magnetic field.
C
The mantle is denser than the crust.
D
Pressure increases when moving from the core to the crust.
13

Which statement describes the damage that results from earthquakes?

A
Amount of damage can be used to determine intensity.
B
Damage can be measured using the Richter scale.
C
The amount of damage increases as magnitude decreases.
D
Earthquakes that cause maximum damage are the most common.
14

Which statement describes seismic waves?

A
They carry energy.
B
They move in one direction.
C
They originate from the epicenter.
D
They only vibrate at Earth’s surface.
15

The image below shows a fault.

Question illustration
A
The hanging wall and footwall both move vertically.
B
Shearing is causing the plates to slide past each other.
C
The hanging wall moves down in relation to the footwall.
D
Compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
16

Which spheres of Earth are directly influenced when human-caused air pollution leads to acid rain that dissolves limestone rocks?

A
atmosphere, cryosphere, geosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
C
geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
D
biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere
17

Which feature forms when magma cools beneath Earth’s surface?

A
geysers
B
calderas
C
batholiths
D
vents
18

A volcanic eruption releasing rock, ash, and dust particles into the air is an example of which interaction?

A
the biosphere interacting with the geosphere
B
the geosphere interacting with the atmosphere
C
the geosphere interacting with the hydrosphere
D
the hydrosphere interacting with the atmosphere
19

When were Earth’s landmasses first recognizable as the continents we know today?

A
10 million years ago
B
135 million years ago
C
180 million years ago
D
300 million years ago
20

Which sphere of Earth includes icebergs?

A
atmosphere
B
biosphere
C
cryosphere
D
geosphere

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