Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which statement describes a property of a proton?

A
is found outside the nucleus
B
has a positive charge
C
has less mass than an electron
D
is repelled by electrons
2
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This is how sodium appears in the periodic table.

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A
number of neutrons.
B
chemical symbol
C
atomic mass
D
combined number of electrons and protons.
3

Joelle is a manager at a construction company, and she is interested in the chemistry behind the materials they use. She has begun studying the materials used to fill walls. She knows that to keep the temperature inside a room steady the material must be a thermal insulator, and she predicts that materials should not be acidic or else they would dissolve too easily in water.

A
C27H36N2O10
B
Na6Ba6
C
NeNa
D
HCl
4

A blue circle labeled proton and A overlaps a pink circle labeled electron and C. The overlap is labeled B.

Question illustration
A
Is found in the nucleus
B
Has mass of 1 amu
C
Orbits the nucleus
D
Is electrically charged
5

Cecil is working with samples of chlorine (Cl), oxygen (O), bromine (Br), and silver (Ag). The samples are all at room temperature. Which substance is most likely the most dense?

A
chlorine
B
oxygen
C
bromine
D
silver
6

Atom A and Atom B have the same number of protons, but they do not have the same number of neutrons.Which statement describes these atoms?

A
Atom A and Atom B are isotopes of the same element.
B
Atom A and Atom B are different elements.
C
Atom A and Atom B have different atomic numbers.
D
Atom A and Atom B have the same mass number.
7

When an atom that has no charge loses two electrons, it becomes a

A
positive ion.
B
negative ion.
C
positive isotope.
D
negative isotope.
8

Which element has the largest atomic radius?

A
As
B
N
C
P
D
Sb
9

Which best explains why ionization energy tends to decrease from the top to the bottom of a group?

A
The number of orbitals decreases.
B
The number of neutrons decreases.
C
Electrons get closer to the nucleus.
D
Electrons get farther from the nucleus.
10

The first model of the atom was developed through

A
scientific experimentation and data analysis with water vapor and gases.
B
observation of the light emitted by elements when they are heated.
C
thinking about the smallest particles of matter without experimenting.
D
analyzing the effects of a magnet on the path of a cathode ray.
11

Who described atoms as small spheres that could not be divided into anything smaller?

A
Bohr
B
Dalton
C
Rutherford
D
Thomson
12

The elements in group 17 of the periodic table are all called halogens. All halogens have the same

A
atomic number.
B
atomic mass.
C
number of possible isotopes.
D
number of valence electrons.
13

Which properties make a metal a good material to use for electrical wires?

A
malleability and reactivity
B
conductivity and ductility
C
ductility and malleability
D
reactivity and conductivity
14

Which determines the reactivity of an alkali metal?

A
its boiling and melting points
B
the shininess of its surface
C
the number of protons it has
D
its ability to lose electrons
15

Which element is most likely to be shiny?

A
sulfur (S)
B
boron (B)
C
calcium (Ca)
D
fluorine (F)
16

Among the elements of the main group, the general trend in the first ionization energy moving across a period is not followed between group 2 and group 13. Which best explains these exceptions?

A
The ionization energy decreases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
B
The ionization energy increases because the full s orbital shields the electron entering the p orbital.
C
The ionization energy decreases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
D
The ionization energy increases because the stability of the half-full p subshell is increased.
17

Who is known as the "father of modern chemistry” because he first organized all known elements into four different groups?

A
Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
B
Antoine Lavoisier
C
Dmitri Mendeleev
D
Henry Moseley
18

What did Rutherford’s model of the atom include that Thomson’s model did not have?

A
a nucleus
B
energy levels
C
electron clouds
D
smaller particles
19

The elements least likely to form bonds are found in which group?

A
15
B
16
C
17
D
18
20

Which argument best explains the charge of an atomic nucleus?

A
An atomic nucleus is positively charged because it is composed of neutrons.
B
An atomic nucleus is positively charged because it is composed of protons.
C
An atomic nucleus is negatively charged because it is composed of electrons.
D
An atomic nucleus is negatively charged because it is composed of neutrons.

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