AnswersIA-Chemistry A Survey of Chemistry APhase Changes

Phase Changes — Unit test Answers

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The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed?

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
4
D
6
2
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Considering the temperature vs. time graph below, how does the temperature at the beginning of a change of state compare with the temperature at the end of the change?

Question illustration
A
The temperature is always lower.
B
The temperature is always the same.
C
The temperature is usually lower.
D
The temperature is usually higher.
3

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

A
Particle spacing can allow a very high density.
B
Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.
C
Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.
D
Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.
4

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology?

A
arc welder
B
diesel engine
C
a car radio
D
battery-operated flashlight
5

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

A
two polar liquids that have high surface tensions
B
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions
C
two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another
D
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another
6

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it?

A
Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
B
Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink.
C
Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink.
D
Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.
7

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

A
Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.
B
Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.
C
Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume.
D
Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume.
8

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome?

A
higher gas pressure inside the balloon
B
higher air pressure outside the balloon
C
a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon
D
a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon
9

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be?

A
gas
B
liquid
C
plasma
D
solid
10

Which of the following best identifies where long-range order would be found?

A
in amorphous solids
B
in crystalline solids
C
in thermal plasmas
D
in nonthermal plasmas
11

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity?

A
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
B
The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase.
C
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily.
D
The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.
12

This heating curve is produced when a certain substance is heated.Which best compares the particles of the substance when it is in region 1 with the particles of the substance when it is in region 3?

Question illustration
A
The particles are slower in region 3.
B
The particles are more orderly in region 1.
C
The particles have more kinetic energy in region 1.
D
The particles have less freedom of motion in region 3.
13

Which change of state involves a release of energy?

A
boiling
B
condensation
C
melting
D
sublimation
14

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor?

A
volume
B
pressure
C
temperature
D
number of particles
15

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

A
It decreases rapidly.
B
It increases quickly.
C
It remains the same.
D
It decreases slowly.
16

Water’s molar mass is 18.01 g/mol. The molar mass of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol. At 25°C, glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

A
glycerol because it has a larger molar mass
B
glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass
C
water because it has a lower molar mass
D
water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass
17

Which reason best explains why plasmas are good conductors of electricity?

A
They have mobile charged particles.
B
They are at extremely high temperatures.
C
They are made up of particles in fixed positions.
D
They have slow-moving nuclei that carry electricity.
18

Which low-energy state of condensed matter is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume?

A
gas
B
liquid
C
plasma
D
solid
19

Consider the temperature versus time graph below.At what temperature is the boiling point of this substance?

Question illustration
A
at 0°C
B
between 0°C and 100°C
C
at 120°C
D
above 120°C
20

Jean has a sample of a liquid. If she changes the liquid’s phase by

A
evaporating
B
freezing
C
condensing
D
melting

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