Fiscal Policy — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which of these is a banking activity of the Fed?

A
printing money
B
regulating securities markets
C
storing money for banks
D
funding government programs
2
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There are four stages in an economic recovery. 1. increased production2. rising demand (occurs twice)3. increased hiring In which order do these stages occur?

A
2, 1, 2, 3
B
3, 2, 1, 2
C
2, 3, 1, 2
D
2, 1, 3, 2
3

Which scenario best reflects the relationship between production and demand in a recession?

A
Car dealerships have minimal overstock.
B
Car dealerships are not restocking.
C
Car dealerships cannot sell their stock.
D
Car dealerships cannot obtain stock.
4

Hyperinflation can occur when

A
consumers begin purchasing more goods.
B
producers need more money to make and distribute goods.
C
companies raise prices to pass on costs to consumers.
D
the government prints a ton of money in order to pay off its debt.
5

Which statement best describes why it is difficult to sell a home during a recession?

A
Mortgage rates are high.
B
Demand greatly decreases.
C
Mortgages become unavailable.
D
Housing prices increase.
6

When production is very high but demand is very low, it can lead to

A
a recession.
B
a recovery.
C
prosperity.
D
the peak.
7

Money spent on government programs is referred to as

A
bonding.
B
an obligation.
C
revenue.
D
an expenditure.
8

Which scenario is an example of cost-push inflation?

A
Consumers have more money to buy cars, and the prices of cars and car parts rise as a result.
B
An increase in workers’ wages raises the production cost of cars, and car prices rise as a result.
C
The demand for cars falls as consumers have less disposable income, and car prices fall as a result.
D
A government bailout helps car manufacturers lower their costs, and car prices fall as a result.
9

Which stage of the business cycle is an economy in when it reaches its low point?

A
Expansion
B
Peak
C
Contraction
D
Trough
10

Stagflation occurs when high inflation combines with

A
high unemployment and a low level of production.
B
low unemployment and a high level of production.
C
a drop in buying power and a rise in workers’ wages.
D
a rise in buying power and a drop in workers’ wages.
11

The Food and Drug Administration sets standards for

A
advertising.
B
product labeling.
C
the environment.
D
traffic safety.
12

Which is the best definition of inflation?

A
a gradual decrease in the price of goods and services
B
a gradual increase in the price of goods and services
C
an exponential decrease in the price of goods and services
D
an exponential increase in the price of goods and services
13

Based on the taxing and spending cycle, how will changing expenditures affect taxes collected by the government?

A
Spending less will help lower prices, leading to an increase in tax revenue for the government.
B
Spending less will reduce services, leading to a reduction in tax revenue for the government.
C
Spending more will boost prices, leading to an increase in tax revenue for the government.
D
Spending more will increase services, leading to a reduction in tax revenue for the government.
14

Which is a function of regulatory agencies?

A
encouraging business compliance
B
creating legislation for businesses
C
encouraging negative externalities
D
creating new business opportunities
15

Sometimes an economy cannot grow because of external factors, such as

A
lack of skilled labor.
B
poor infrastructure.
C
low domestic demand.
D
low demand for exports.
16

Which of the following is a characteristic of prosperity in the peak phase of the business cycle?

A
stagnant prices
B
high levels of production
C
ambivalence about the economy
D
reduced incomes
17

What gives Congress the power to raise taxes to fund services?

A
the Federal Reserve Bank
B
the Internal Revenue Service
C
the Bill of Rights
D
the Constitution
18

Typically, high inflation is a sign of

A
a healthy economy because it results from a fall in production costs.
B
a healthy economy because it results from a rise in consumer interest.
C
a struggling economy because wages cannot keep up with the increase in prices.
D
a struggling economy because it results from a fall in consumer interest.
19

Which unemployment rate do most economists consider to be acceptable in the United States?

A
0 percent
B
5 percent
C
10 percent
D
20 percent
20

The graph shows how the federal budget grew between 1980 and 2010.

Question illustration
A
the federal government has to borrow money to meet its expenditures.
B
the federal government spent more on programs in each of the last 30 years.
C
the federal government consistently receives enough money to meet its expenditures.
D
the federal government has almost always spent more than it receives.

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