Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Which statement best describes a characteristic of deposition?

A
Sediment settles in a new place due to size, water speed, and land shape.
B
Sediment is removed from a new surface location.
C
Moving water affects where sediment travels.
D
Rocks are broken into smaller particles.
2
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How do erosion and deposition work together to form sand dunes?

A
Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore.
B
Erosion occurs as surface water carries sediment and the sediment is deposited near oceans and lakes.
C
Glaciers cause erosion through the movement of large chunks of ice, which are deposited and form depressions.
D
Erosion occurs through deflation, and sand that was picked up is deposited against an obstruction.
3

Rosa drew a flow chart of the carbon cycle.

Question illustration
A
X: Producers undergo photosynthesis.Y: Decomposers return carbon to the soil and release waste.
B
X: Decomposers return carbon to the soil and release waste.Y: Producers undergo photosynthesis.
C
X: Decomposers take in carbon dioxide.Y: Producers absorb carbon through their roots.
D
X: Producers absorb carbon through their roots.Y: Decomposers take in carbon dioxide.
4

Which condition leads to a slower rate of weathering?

A
porous rocks
B
cold climates
C
hard minerals
D
high temperatures
5

Some consumers, like lions, do not eat plants or any other producers. They only eat other animals.How do lions obtain the carbon they need?

A
by eating animals that have carbon-based molecules stored in their bodies
B
by breathing it in from the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide
C
by absorbing carbon-based molecules through their skin from the soil
D
by drinking water that contains carbon dioxide
6

How do erosion and deposition work together to create a moraine?

A
Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore.
B
Surface water in rivers causes erosion, carrying sediment that gets deposited near an ocean.
C
Glaciers cause erosion as they melt, carrying sediment that gets deposited in a thick layer.
D
Winds cause erosion by blowing around sand that gets deposited in large piles.
7

Which process is defined as breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing the rocks' compositions?

A
erosion
B
oxidation
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
8

Which correctly lists the three processes that are affected by freeze and thaw cycles?

A
creep, landslide, and deposition
B
deposition, creep, and weathering
C
landslide, slump, and deposition
D
slump, weathering, and creep
9

Which formation is one feature of karst topography?

A
caves
B
kettles
C
meanders
D
oxbow lakes
10

Which describes sand?

A
fine-grained
B
retains water
C
water drains quickly
D
good for growing crops
11

Which process is responsible for changing the composition of rock?

A
erosion
B
abrasion
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
12

A city experiences a heavy rainfall. Days later, when no rainwater is present, rock, debris, and soil fall down a steep hill.Which type of mass movement does this describe?

A
creep
B
landslide
C
mudflow
D
slump
13

Which feature is created by deposition from rivers?

A
rills
B
meanders
C
alluvial fans
D
gullies
14

Which particle has a high rate of deposition?

A
a low-density particle
B
a small particle falling off a cliff
C
a particle with jagged, rough ends
D
a large round particle settling on a surface
15

During the nitrogen cycle, through which structure are nitrogen compounds first absorbed into the plant?

A
roots
B
leaves
C
flower
D
stem
16

The diagram illustrates the water cycle.

Question illustration
A
precipitation
B
evaporation
C
condensation
D
transpiration
17

How is the nitrogen cycle important to humans?

A
It produces free nitrogen that can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
B
It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms.
C
It produces nitrogen compounds that humans can breathe.
D
It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by absorbing it through their skin.
18

Which phrase best describes the mass movement of particles?

A
sediment flowing down a slope
B
sediment collecting on an existing surface
C
transporting materials to a new location
D
breaking materials into smaller particles
19

Which increases the rate of soil formation?

A
mixed layers
B
more precipitation
C
cooler temperatures
D
very hard parent material
20

Which factor affects the amount of runoff that occurs in an area?

A
land use
B
the water table
C
the saturation zone
D
amount of nutrients in soil

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