Environmental Changes — Unit test Answers

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Favorable adaptations build up in a population over many generations due to long-term environmental change.What is the most likely result of this process?

A
extinction
B
speciation
C
loss of habitat
D
forced migration
2
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Which process is defined as breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing the rocks' compositions?

A
erosion
B
oxidation
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
3

Which process is responsible for changing the composition of rock?

A
erosion
B
abrasion
C
chemical weathering
D
mechanical weathering
4

Which environmental change is considered short term?

A
forest fire
B
ice age
C
mountain building
D
solar energy changes
5

Which is one effect that would most likely result from a tsunami?

A
death
B
drought
C
extinction
D
genetic change
6

What effect would El Niño most likely have on organisms?

A
El Niño would cause the extinction of an entire species.
B
El Niño would cause changes in the genetic makeup of organisms.
C
El Niño would cause continents to move to different parts of the planet.
D
El Niño would cause organisms to move in search of food and better conditions.
7

Which describes sand?

A
fine-grained
B
retains water
C
water drains quickly
D
good for growing crops
8

Which condition leads to a slower rate of weathering?

A
porous rocks
B
cold climates
C
hard minerals
D
high temperatures
9

What event might occur when favorable adaptations build up in a population over many generations?

A
starvation
B
extinction
C
migration
D
speciation
10

Which is one way that a short-term environmental change will most likely affect organisms within an ecosystem?

A
It will lead to larger populations.
B
It will lead to speciation.
C
It will lead to adaptation.
D
It will lead to forced migration.
11

Which represents the greatest time frame in which a short-term environmental change can occur?

A
in days
B
in minutes
C
over hundreds of years
D
over thousands of years
12

Organic material provides nitrogen for plants. Which soil component contributes the most nitrogen to plants?

A
clay
B
humus
C
sand
D
silt
13

Which long-term environmental change could allow some organisms to flourish?

A
drought
B
ice age
C
tsunami
D
large asteroid impact
14

Look at the image.

Question illustration
A
drought, short-term environmental change
B
flooding, short-term environmental change
C
earthquake, long-term environmental change
D
tsunami, long-term environmental change
15

Which increases the rate of soil formation?

A
mixed layers
B
more precipitation
C
cooler temperatures
D
very hard parent material
16

Which short-term environmental change would a very small asteroid or comet impact on Earth most likely cause?

A
flooding
B
extinction
C
surface craters
D
weather pattern changes
17

Which process wears away tall sandstone rock formations due to wind?

A
abrasion
B
deflation
C
impact
D
plucking
18

Which features help reduce the amount of runoff that occurs in an area?

A
hard soil
B
steep slopes
C
paved surfaces
D
increased vegetation
19

Humans clear-cut a forest. Which is one possible way that animals would most likely be affected by this action?

A
Some animals would adapt.
B
Some animals would go extinct.
C
Some animals would evolve.
D
Some animals would be forced to migrate.
20

A volcano violently erupts near a small town and wildlife preserve. Which effect might occur?

A
Some local species develop new adaptations.
B
New species form at the wildlife preserve.
C
Many wildlife species become extinct.
D
Ash and dust fill the air and reduce sunlight.

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