Let r = ⟨7, 1⟩ and s = ⟨–12, –3⟩. What is r – s?

Subtract vectors component by component: r − s = ⟨7 − (−12), 1 − (−3)⟩. Subtracting a negative is addition, so the result is ⟨19, 4⟩, which is choice D.

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