Answers26-27 Biology ALab: Building Proteins from RNA

Week 10 Test Answers

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1
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Which base is found only in DNA?

A
adenine
B
guanine
C
cytosine
D
thymine
2
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Missense, nonsense, and silent mutations are examples of which type of mutation?

A
substitution
B
insertion
C
deletion
D
replication
3

Which accurately describes the relationship between cancer risk and exposure to mutagens?

A
Cancer risk decreases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutation decreases as well.
B
Cancer risk increases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations increases as well.
C
Cancer risk increases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations decreases considerably.
D
Cancer risk decreases when a person is exposed to mutagens because the risk of DNA mutations increases considerably.
4

A mutation causes a sequence of DNA that has the nucleotides TTG to be changed to TCG. The resulting protein has a different sequence of amino acids. Which type of mutation is this?

A
missense
B
nonsense
C
silent
D
frameshift
5

What purpose does the peptide bond serve in protein synthesis?

A
It connects amino acids.
B
It adds a water molecule to the amino acid chain.
C
It releases the protein from the tRNA.
D
It makes a strand of mRNA.
6

Which of the following difference between DNA and RNA allows them to perform their unique functions?

A
DNA contains ribose, while RNA contains deoxyribose.
B
DNA is single-stranded, whereas RNA is double-stranded.
C
DNA contains thymine, while RNA contains uracil.
D
RNA is found only in the nucleus, while DNA is found only in the cytoplasm.
7

The structure of DNA resembles a twisted ladder. Which structural components form the rungs of the ladder?

A
deoxyribose sugars
B
phosphate groups
C
nitrogenous base pairs
D
ribosomes
8

What does DNA provide the code for?

A
nitrogenous base pairing
B
protein synthesis
C
deoxyribose formation
D
nucleotide synthesis
9

What will happen if RNA polymerase fails to attach to the promoter?

A
Translation will begin early.
B
Transcription will not begin.
C
RNA polymerase will unwind DNA strands.
D
An mRNA strand will be made before translation begins.
10

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. An individual experiences a mutation that changes a base in a mRNA strand, but during translation the mRNA strand still creates the same protein. Which type of mutation is responsible for the change in the mRNA base?

A
silent
B
missense
C
nonsense
D
insertion
11

Which carries the code for protein synthesis from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm?

A
DNA
B
tRNA
C
rRNA
D
mRNA
12

Which statements describe the characteristics of an individual protein? Select two options.

A
It is specific to one biochemical reaction.
B
It increases the activation energy needed for a reaction.
C
It can catalyze many different reactions.
D
It increases the rate of a biochemical reaction.
E
It slows down the rate of a biochemical reaction.

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