How did the Battle of Okinawa affect President Truman’s decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan?

The Battle of Okinawa was extremely costly, with Japanese forces and civilians resisting fiercely and suffering heavy casualties rather than surrendering. This convinced Truman that an invasion of Japan could cause enormous losses, strengthening the case for using the atomic bomb to force Japan’s surrender. So the correct choice is D: it showed that Japan was willing to fight without surrendering.

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