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Origin: The word "recalcitrant" comes from the Latin word "recalcitrare," which means "to kick back" (from "re-" meaning back and "calcitrare" meaning to kick, derived from "calx" or heel). Most Common Meaning: Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority or discipline; stubbornly resistant to control. Synonyms: Uncooperative, defiant. Antonyms: Amenable, compliant.