Earth-Moon-Sun System Answers

Choose the law each sentence describes. This law relates a planet’s orbital period and its average distance to the Sun. The orbits of planets are ellipses with the Sun at one focus. The speed of a planet varies, such that a planet sweeps out an equal area in equal time frames.

✔ Kepler’s first lawKepler’s second lawKepler’s third law

Kepler’s first law✔ Kepler’s second lawKepler’s third law

⇒ directly

Which characteristics of Earth’s orbit are in agreement with Kepler’s second law? Check all that apply.Earth experiences the strongest gravitational force when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth experiences the strongest gravitational force when it is closest to the Sun.Earth moves the greatest distance in thirty days when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth moves the greatest distance in thirty days when it is closest to the Sun.Earth travels with the slowest tangential speed when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth travels with the slowest tangential speed when it is closest to the Sun.Earth sweeps out the same area in the same time frame anywhere in its orbit.

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Use the ratio version of Kepler’s third law and the orbital information of Mars to determine Earth’s distance from the Sun. Mars’s orbital period is 687 days, and Mars’s distance from the Sun is 2.279 × 1011 m.

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