Which statements accurately describe the shape of Earth’s orbit around the Sun? Check all that apply.The Earth’s orbit is a perfect circle.The Earth’s orbit is a nearly circular ellipse.The Earth’s orbit is an extremely elongated ellipse.The Sun is located at the only focus point.The Sun is located at one of the two focal points.
This law relates a planet’s orbital period and its average distance to the Sun. [___]
The orbits of planets are ellipses with the Sun at one focus. [___]
The speed of a planet varies, such that a planet sweeps out an equal area in equal time frames. [___]
Question text not available
The gravitational force between two objects is [___] proportional to the products of the masses and [___] proportional to the square of the distance between them.
directly; inversely
[___] solar masses
3
Which characteristics of Earth’s orbit are in agreement with Kepler’s second law? Check all that apply.Earth experiences the strongest gravitational force when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth experiences the strongest gravitational force when it is closest to the Sun.Earth moves the greatest distance in thirty days when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth moves the greatest distance in thirty days when it is closest to the Sun.Earth travels with the slowest tangential speed when it is farthest from the Sun.Earth travels with the slowest tangential speed when it is closest to the Sun.Earth sweeps out the same area in the same time frame anywhere in its orbit.
[___] Earth years
5
Use the ratio version of Kepler’s third law and the orbital information of Mars to determine Earth’s distance from the Sun. Mars’s orbital period is 687 days, and Mars’s distance from the Sun is 2.279 × 1011 m.
Use Kepler’s third law and the orbital motion of Earth to determine the mass of the Sun. The average distance between Earth and the Sun is 1.496 × 1011 m. Earth’s orbital period around the Sun is 365.26 days.
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