Designing a Study Answers

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Brand Y Cola sponsors a survey of 15,559 residents of Texas to determine which brand of cola they prefer. Forty percent say they prefer Brand X, and 60 percent say they prefer Brand Y. Which of the following is the sample used for the survey ?

A
the residents of Texas
B
the 15,559 residents
C
the 40 percent who prefer Brand X Cola
D
the 60 percent who prefer Brand Y Cola
2
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A company wants to learn about the number of its employees who visit the dentist for regular checkups. Which type of study will best help the company discover this information?

A
census
B
survey sample
C
observational study
D
experiment
3

The population of a town is divided into three age categories. A random sample of each category is surveyed about voting choices. This type of sampling is called

A
cluster sampling.
B
stratified sampling.
C
simple random sampling.
D
systematic random sampling.
4

Which method of gathering data will be most effective in learning how diet and fitness choices affect long-term health?

A
an experiment
B
an observational study
C
a sample survey
D
a census
5

A random number generator is used to model the patterns of animals in the wild. This type of study is called

A
a survey.
B
a random sample.
C
an experiment.
D
a simulation.
6

Researchers are conducting a survey about what brand of ice cream shoppers prefer. They survey the tenth person who walks into the store and then every fifth person after that. This type of sampling is called

A
random sampling.
B
stratified sampling.
C
systematic random sampling.
D
cluster sampling.
7

At the beginning of a call to the cable company, a message tells customers, “After you finish talking to our customer service representative, you will be asked to take a five-question survey about the level of service you received. It would be appreciated if you could please stay on the line to answer the survey questions.” What type of sampling is the cable company using?

A
systematic random sampling
B
voluntary sampling
C
cluster sampling
D
convenience sampling
8

Researchers periodically survey a few thousand of the patients taking a certain medication in order to make connections between that medication and the subjects’ general health. This method of gathering data is classified as

A
a census.
B
a sample survey.
C
an experiment.
D
an observational study.
9

A teacher asks students to list the math lessons they learned on nine random school days in the past month. She evaluates the students’ performance on this assignment to get a general picture of how well students are taking notes. This teacher’s method is an example of

A
systematic random sampling.
B
simple random sampling.
C
convenience sampling.
D
stratified sampling.
10

News cameras take an overhead picture of a part of a crowd at an outdoor event. Journalists then count the number of people in the picture and use the sample to estimate the total number of people in the crowd. This process is an example of

A
random sampling.
B
stratified sampling.
C
systematic random sampling.
D
cluster sampling.
11

Which of the following could be classified as a census?

A
a survey of a percentage of each state’s population about voting choices
B
a survey of each student in a school about school lunch options
C
a survey of all the children in a supermarket to determine the favorite cereal brands of the general population
D
a survey of all the women on Main Street to determine the current movie preferences of all people over age 20
12

Researchers call random radio listeners on the phone to rank five different popular songs. This research helps radio stations decide which songs to play more often. This method of gathering data is classified as

A
a census.
B
a sample survey.
C
an experiment.
D
an observational study.
13

A market research company wants to collect opinions on the comfort and performance of a new type of sneaker by Brand X. Which group of individuals would be the best choice for a random sample?

A
ask every fourth person on the street
B
ask every fourth person who is wearing that brand of sneaker
C
ask every fourth employee from the Brand X flagship store
D
ask every fourth person who is wearing shoes
14

Pollsters take a survey of people at a ball game to collect and analyze data about favorite leisure activities of Star City’s residents. Would this study be biased? Why or why not?

A
No, it is not biased. The sample of people at the ball park is representative of Star City’s residents.
B
No, it is not biased. All people at the ball park will respond to the survey.
C
Yes, it is biased. Not all people at the ball park will respond to the survey.
D
Yes, it is biased. The sample of people at the ball park is not representative of Star City’s residents.
15

Political pollsters now make sure to conduct a percentage of their telephone interviews by calling mobile phones. This policy best addresses which potential source of bias?

A
Some of the population may not have access to other types of phones.
B
The survey only reaches individuals who volunteer to be interviewed.
C
The policy helps individuals understanding the wording of survey questions.
D
Some individuals contacted may choose to not participate.

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