Industrialization and Immigration in the North — Quiz

Question 8 • US History

How did changes in manufacturing in the late 1700s and early 1800s affect people living in northern cities?

Answer

Fewer people worked in factories as water-powered machines increasingly replaced laborers.

Factories employed more people, including women and children, for lower wages and longer hours.

Factories used interchangeable parts and water power, so workers’ hours became shorter.

As factory employment became less widely available, people began leaving the cities to work in agriculture.

Explanation

Industrialization increased the number of factories in northern cities and drew more people into factory work. Factory owners often hired women and children because they could pay them lower wages, and workers commonly faced long hours. Water-powered machinery did not generally eliminate factory jobs or make working hours shorter, so B is correct.

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