Lab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2 — Unit test

Question 1

A scientist discovers a new organism that is related to clownfish. What can the scientist discover by using molecular clocks?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

the amount of time that the two species have been evolving apart

Question 2

Protists are a group of organisms that are characterized as eukaryotes (they have cells with nuclei) that are neither plants nor animals nor fungi. They are very diverse, and there are many hypotheses about their classification. The cladogram for protists is constantly changing and, sometimes, there are opposite hypotheses that both have data to support them. What is the implication of a changing hypothesis?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

It is acceptable because data are still being collected.

Question 3

A scientist is trying to determine how closely related a moth species (Species Z) is to four other moth species (Species A, B, C, and D). He examined the DNA of each species and compared it to the study subject. He then created this table.Species# of genetic differences Species A12Species B3Species C14Species D28Which species is most closely related to the moth species (Species Z)?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

species B

Question 4

Julia is trying to place a duckbilled platypus, lizard, bear, and monkey on a phylogenetic tree. She learns that the duckbilled platypus, bear, and monkey are classified as mammals. She also learns that mammals share a common ancestor with reptiles. Which additional piece of information will be most helpful to Julia to properly build her phylogenetic tree?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

The platypus lays eggs like a reptile.

Question 5

Dr. Digger, a paleontologist, finds a fossil that he describes in his journal.The creature was approximately 1 meter long, with its backbone fused into a large shell covering the body cavity. It had a beaklike mouth, without teeth, and all four limbs were in the form of flippers.Based on anatomical similarities, to which modern animal is Dr. Digger’s creature most closely related?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

sea turtle

Question 6

Consider the phylogenetic tree of Old World primates.According to the tree, which primates share the most recent common ancestor with humans?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

bonobos and chimpanzees

Question 7

According to the cladogram, which organisms are in the smallest clade with birds?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

crocodiles

Question 8

If two organisms are in the same clade, what can you predict about their relationship?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

They share a common ancestor.

Question 9

Consider the cladogram.Which group of organisms has the derived characteristics of true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

roundworms

Question 10

Which of the following are Phylogenetic trees also know as ?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Cladogram

Lab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2 — Unit test Answers

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