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Question 9 • CMS 2026-2027 Biology CREDIT RECOVERY

Which example illustrates Charles Darwin's main contribution to the theory of evolution?

Answer

When exposed to antibiotics, most bacteria in a population die but some survive and live to reproduce.

An agricultural pest has been exposed to a pesticide that wipes out the entire species.

In the African savannah, a scientist observes that a wildebeest calf has inherited its coat pattern from its father.

In a laboratory, a scientist chooses the most intelligent mice and breeds them to advance the species.

Explanation

Darwin’s main contribution was the theory of natural selection: individuals with inherited traits that help them survive are more likely to reproduce and pass those traits on. In A, some bacteria survive antibiotic exposure and reproduce, so the population can become more resistant over time. Choice D describes artificial selection, in which humans choose which organisms breed.

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